Taking prednisone for too long can lead to numerous serious health conditions, with the severity often depending on the dosage and duration of use. The most significant danger is the potential for adrenal insufficiency if the medication is stopped suddenly, as the body's adrenal glands may stop producing natural steroid hormones.
There is no set limit on how long you can safely take prednisone. It depends on the dose of prednisone and the condition being treated. It may be prescribed short term or long term. The dosage will be adjusted or stopped based on your response or lack of response to the medication.
If you take oral corticosteroids for a long time, your adrenal glands may produce less of their natural steroid hormones. To give your adrenal glands time to recover this function, your provider may reduce your dose gradually.
Prednisolone (Orapred ODT, Pediapred) is a corticosteroid medication with many possible side effects. The likelihood of side effects can depend on your dosage and treatment duration. Certain prednisolone side effects, such as headaches, trouble sleeping, and appetite changes can happen even with short-term use.
Patients are at increased risk for many types of infections, from minor fungal infections in the mouth (“thrush”, caused by Candida) to life–threatening infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The higher the steroid dose and the longer the duration of therapy, the greater the risk of infection.
Common side effects
Symptoms of oral thrush may include: Creamy white patches or spots on your tongue, inner cheeks and sometimes on the roof of your mouth, gums and tonsils. Slightly raised patches that look like cottage cheese. Redness, burning or soreness that may be serious enough to cause a hard time eating or swallowing.
Stay hydrated: Drinking lots of water and fluids helps support your kidneys as they flush out prednisone. Exercise: Physical activity helps support your metabolism and blood circulation. This helps your body process and eliminate drugs efficiently.
Both medications taken together can cause serious gastric complications in some patients. If after taking you develop any unusual bleeding or stomach pain, dizziness or tarry stools tell your doctor immediately.
Using too much of this medicine or using it for a long time may increase your risk of having adrenal gland problems. Talk to your doctor right away if you have blurred vision, dizziness or fainting, a fast, irregular, or pounding heartbeat, increased thirst or urination, irritability, or unusual tiredness or weakness.
Older adults may experience more pronounced or severe side effects from prednisone, especially with long-term use. “Older adults may often have more underlying health conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and frailty, which corticosteroids like prednisone may worsen if not monitored,” Dr. Yee said.
Three key early warning signs of kidney problems are changes in urination (more or less frequent, especially at night), foamy or bloody urine, and persistent swelling, particularly around the eyes, feet, or ankles, indicating fluid retention. Other common signs include persistent fatigue, nausea, itching, and loss of appetite, as toxins build up when kidneys aren't filtering effectively.
Metabolism: Prednisone is primarily converted into prednisolone in the liver. [15] This drug is metabolized into other compounds, such as 6β-hydroxy-prednisone and 20α-dihydro-prednisone. Elimination: Prednisone metabolites, conjugated with sulfates and glucuronides, are excreted via the kidneys.
It's safer to taper off prednisone. Your doctor will gradually lower your dose. Tapering helps prevent withdrawal and stop your inflammation from coming back. As you taper, you may notice subtle symptoms.
Depending on your condition, prescription medications like hydroxychloroquine or methotrexate can serve as alternatives to prednisone by reducing inflammation without the same steroid-related side effects.
Prednisone is part of a class of drugs called immunosuppressants. It suppresses the body's immune response and reduces inflammation in your lungs. Because inflammation is the precursor to fibrosis (scarring), we hope prednisone will prevent the formation of lung fibrosis and allow the inflamed lung to return to normal.
What may interact with this medication?
Steroids can irritate the stomach lining. We recommend you take medication, such as omeprazole, before taking your steroids. This medication belongs to a group of drugs called proton pump inhibitors (PPI) designed to reduce the amount of stomach acid produced and limit the irritation of the stomach lining.
Patients on prednisone showed slightly better improvement of blood pressure than patients on hydrocortisone. Prednisone is milder than hydrocortisone in water and sodium preservation and potassium excretion, thus may facilitate the reduction in blood volume and blood pressure.
Common short-term side effects include changes in appetite, mood, energy, and sleep. Long-term prednisone treatment can lead to weight gain, osteoporosis, and cataracts. Diarrhea isn't a side effect of prednisone. But other gastrointestinal symptoms are possible, like increased appetite and indigestion.
The amount of time it takes to taper off prednisone depends on the disease being treated, the dose and duration of use, and other medical considerations. A full recovery can take a week to several months. Contact your doctor if you experience prednisone withdrawal symptoms as you are tapering off the drug.
Many people enjoy the benefits of prednisone and other corticosteroids which are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that can reduce pain and discomfort related to allergic reactions, arthritis, autoimmune conditions and more. In some cases, they even elevate mood, creating a sense of euphoria and excessive energy.
White stringy stuff in the mouth can be a result of oral thrush, a fungal infection caused by candida fungus. Poor oral hygiene, stress, dry mouth, and hormonal changes are common causes of oral thrush and the associated white stringy mucus.
Symptoms of a systemic fungal infection include muscle pain, coughing, difficulty breathing, fever, congestion, stomach pain, congestion, and intense headache.
Hairy leukoplakia causes fuzzy, white patches that look like folds or ridges. The patches usually form on the sides of the tongue. Hairy leukoplakia is often mistaken as oral thrush, an infection that causes creamy white patches that can be wiped away.