Head lice infestations are common, affecting an estimated 6 million to 12 million people each year. Lice are most common among school-age children who are more likely to have close contact with each other or share combs, brushes, hats and other objects that touch the hair.
Whereas prevalence is, on average, only about 1% in North America, a greater percentage of children are infested in some other countries. Reasonable explanations for this difference remain elusive.
Anyone can get lice, regardless of age, social status, race or gender. Luckily, lice don't spread disease contrary to popular misconception, but they do itch! Lice are parasites that live off human blood. They leave their saliva where they bite, which makes the bite itch.
Lice are spread by head-to-head contact and are much harder to get than a cold, the flu, ear infections, pink eye, strep throat or impetigo. Avoiding lice is important, as they are dirty and spread disease. Lice do not spread any known disease, nor are they impacted by hygiene.
Though head lice may be a nuisance, they don't cause serious illness or carry any diseases. Head lice can be treated at home, but it's important to check with the doctor first.
In the United States, infestation with head lice is much less common among African-Americans than among persons of other races. The head louse found most frequently in the United States may have claws that are better adapted for grasping the shape and width of some types of hair but not others.
Whether public transportation, concerts, or crowded areas, any situation in which there is hair to hair contact puts adults at risk of getting lice. Indeed, the only reason children more often have lice is because they spend more time in close quarters with each other.
Lice are also not overly keen on testosterone in the blood, so this is another reason to prefer adult female blood to adult male blood. However, it is not impossible for men to catch or have head lice as an adult. This risk is higher if the man is a close carer of the children.
Washing, soaking, or drying items at a temperature greater than 130°F can kill both head lice and nits.
About 6–12 million children between the ages of 3 and 11 are treated annually for head lice in the United States alone. High levels of louse infestations have also been reported from all over the world, including Israel, Denmark, Sweden, U.K., France, and Australia.
Pubic lice are super common.
Millions of people get infected with pubic lice every year. They are tiny insects that look like tiny versions of the crabs you see at the beach.
Head lice seem to be more common in Caucasian, Hispanic, and Asian American people than in African American people. For example, fewer than 0.5% of African American schoolchildren experience head lice compared with about 10% of schoolchildren of other races.
The oldest physical evidence of head lice on a human was a nit found on the hair of a 10,000-year-old body at an archeological site in Brazil. Lice combs have been found in the tombs of Egyptian royalty, and even Cleopatra was said to have solid gold lice combs buried with her.
Myth #2: Bad hygiene, poor grooming habits or a messy home can increase the likelihood of getting head lice. Head lice has absolutely nothing to do with personal hygiene or how clean someone's home is. In fact, washing a child's hair will not get rid of lice or nits (lice eggs), which cling to hair.
As far as we know, there have not been any clinical studies proving any human population to be immune to head lice. However, head lice can have difficultly attaching their eggs to hair that is thick or coarse; therefore, those individuals may be less likely to experience head lice infestation.
Shaving Will Not Get Rid of Lice.
The reason shaving will not work is because lice live on the base of the hair, and on the scalp. The nits are laid right at the base of the hair oftentimes against the scalp. Shaving will not get close enough to make an impact on the lice and nits.
But, do you have to cut your hair if you have lice? No, you don't, and we do not recommend cutting your hair to get rid of head lice because it will not work. While having shorter hair may make the treatment of lice easier and go a little more quickly, it will not get rid of lice.
Signs of Lice
Some symptoms of lice are a tingling feeling on your scalp, intense itching, and possible bite marks near your neck, ears, or scalp. If you notice any of the symptoms you should check yourself for lice.
Females are usually larger than males and can lay up to 8 nits per day. Adult lice can live up to 30 days on a person's head. To live, adult lice need to feed on blood several times daily. Without blood meals, the louse will die within 1 to 2 days off the host.
Their bites can make the scalp itchy and irritated, and scratching can lead to infection. Head lice are annoying, but they're not dangerous and they don't spread disease. They're not a sign of poor hygiene — head lice need blood and they don't care whether it's from someone who's clean or dirty.
Although head lice can feed on different blood types, they cannot thrive on different Rh blood factors. Therefore, lice will only prefer to move to somebody else of the same rhesus factor irrespective of the blood type.
Most people believe that lice only causes itching at the scalp and are a pain to get rid of. In actuality, untreated head lice may degrade the scalp and affect its health. It will also affect your hair's health as well. If the hair follicles become blocked, then hair loss may occur.