Other linguistic cues revealed in this study show that liars tend to use more profanity and third-person pronouns (e.g., he, she, and they) to distance themselves from any first-person (e.g., I, my, mine) involvement.
Liars reference themselves less when making deceptive statements. They write or talk more about others, often using the third person to distance and disassociate themselves from their life. Liars tend to be more negative because, on a subconscious level, they feel guilty about lying.
Making sweeping statements: "I would never" or "I always." Using non-specific language, generalized phrases and sweeping statements are common tactics for liars, who are trying to avoid giving hard facts and information.
Our results show that false statements are less complex in terms of vocabulary, are more concise and concrete, and have more positive words and fewer negative words. We found no significant differences between spoken and written lies.
The direction of their eyes: A 2012 study published in Plos One debunked the myth people look to the left when lying. A study by the University of Michigan found when participants lied, they maintained eye contact 70% of the time.
Discrepancies indicating deception leak from the equivocator as obvious physical discomfort or gestures that are incongruous with what they are saying: Ill-timed shoulder shrugs: Shoulder shrugs indicate uncertainty, so when a shrug shows up with a definitive statement it could indicate deception.
Rubbing the Eyes
When a person lies, he or she tends to look away from the person being lied to. Thus, the liar feels a tendency to rub one's eye to block the sight of the other person. This is again one of the acts that hints the person being a liar.
narcissistic personality disorder (NPD): may tend to lie to get something out of someone else, preserve a false sense of self, get out of trouble, or bolster others' perceptions of them.
INFP – Your Ability to Be a Human Lie-Detector.
Words such as "um" and "uh" indicate cognitive load, which liars often experience. Liars tend to use the phrase "I mean" to close the door to contrary opinions, ideas, and additional information. The possibility that a person is lying increases with the observation of clusters of deceptive indicators.
They discovered that the so-called Duchenne smile—a smile that extends to the muscles of the eye—is most frequently associated with lying. In comparison, witnesses who are responding honestly will often contract their eyes while trying to truthfully recall the information they are being asked.
A review of studies on the perception of speech cues to lying delineates a stereotypical image of a liar. Listeners expect liars to speak more slowly, pause longer, and speak with a higher pitched voice.
Biblical passages
One of the Ten Commandments is "thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour"; for this reason, lying is generally considered a sin in Christianity. The story of Naboth in 1 Kings 21 provides an example where false witness leads to an unjust outcome.
For many lies, the reasons are complicated. Sometimes it's to protect the liar from being punished, or to protect someone else from punishment. The lie might be to avoid being embarrassed, to hide an awkward situation, or to simply have others think better of the person telling the fib.
The main reason people lie is low self-esteem. They want to impress, please, and tell someone what they think they want to hear. For example, insecure teenagers often lie to gain social acceptance. Here, parents should emphasize to their children the consequences of lying.
The ENTJ. You're brutally honest. You don't beat around the bush when talking sense to people, and the more you care about someone the more you'll try to prove it through honesty and insight.
The INFP may be the toughest personality type of all for others to understand. They are seemingly easy-going and carefree, but when it comes to their values, they can become suddenly uncompromising.
The INTP. You have a very deep, probing way of thinking and analyzing the world around you. Each time you explore a concept you go through cycles of analysis, each time zeroe-ing in on a thought process and looking for the most refined, accurate answer. You are a truth-seeker who believes in fairness and understanding.
Those who are extroverted, sensing, feeling, and judging are often identified as one of the kindest types by experts. "ESFJs have extroverted feeling as a dominant cognitive function," Gonzalez-Berrios says. "This makes them rule by their hearts. They are kind, polite, friendly, and sensitive."
The short answer: INFJ (Introverted-Intuitive-Feeling-Judgment) is the most complex Myers-Briggs Personality Type.
INFP and INFJ: The Overthinkers
We start off with INFPs and INFJs: two Introverted personalities that often experience bouts of anxiety. When it comes to these types, their anxiety can stem from an inclination to overthinking.
Watch body language. Liars often pull their bodies inward when lying to make themselves feel smaller and less noticeable. Many people will become squirmy and sometimes conceal their hands to subconsciously hide fidgety fingers. You might also observe shoulder shrugging.
Signs of Lying Eyes
Excessive blinking and the refusal to make eye contact can reflect deceitful behavior. Blinking: Blinking has often been an indicator of dishonest behavior, and if someone is blinking too much or too little, it can indicate something is off or wrong.
Liars will often get aggressive in a conversation for no apparent reason. Sometimes liars will become hostile and point aggressively in your direction. Other times liars will maintain excessive eye contact without blinking, in an abrasive attempt to appear truthful.