New South Wales (NSW) is Australia's oldest state and contains the most populated city in Australia, Sydney.
A coastal town located on the east bank of the mouth of the Tamar River, George Town is Australia's third oldest European settlement and Australia's oldest town.
A city in Australia little known because of its island location, Hobart is the second oldest city in Australia after Sydney. It is also the capital of the island of Tasmania, located south of Melbourne a few hours by ferry.
The Colonies formed the six States: New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Western Australia, South Australia, and Queensland.
The first settlement, at Sydney, consisted of about 850 convicts and their Marine guards and officers, led by Governor Arthur Phillip. They arrived at Botany Bay in the "First Fleet" of 9 transport ships accompanied by 2 small warships, in January, 1788.
Hunters Hill is recognised as Australia's oldest garden suburb, of which Figtree Park in particular is an important historic component.
The islands were settled by different seafaring Melanesian cultures such as the Torres Strait Islanders over 2500 years ago, and cultural interactions continued via this route with the Aboriginal people of northeast Australia.
After Dutch navigators charted the northern, western and southern coasts of Australia during the 17th Century this newly found continent became known as 'New Holland'.
Queensland was originally part of the British-administered colony of New South Wales. This occupied a large part of the Australian continent. A desire to separate from New South Wales began to emerge as Queensland's economic significance increased and its productivity and population expanded.
The smallest state, Tasmania, is an island off the southeastern coast of Australia.
The town is an ex-Hydro village and now a residence for Inland Fisheries Services (IFS) and a Tasmania Police station. It is known for its exceptional fishing at nearby Great Lake and hosts several trout fishing events. Liawenee is the coldest permanently-inhabited place in Australia.
George St North is historically significant as it is important in the development of the city of Sydney and in extension the development of the colony of NSW. It is historically significant as the first road created by Europeans in the infant colony and is thus the oldest road in Australia.
Earth's oldest known piece of continental crust dates to the era of the moon's formation. Australia holds the oldest continental crust on Earth, researchers have confirmed, hills some 4.4 billion years old.
Indigenous Australia culture is tens of thousands of years older than many other ancient civilisations that are revered around the world, such as Mesopotamia (dating back as early as 3500 B.C.), Egypt (3100 B.C.), Greece (2700 B.C.), Maya (2600 B.C.) and China (1600 B.C.).
Built in 1788, First Government House was the first major building to be constructed on the Australian mainland. The remains of the building's original foundations in Sydney CBD, provide rare evidence of the earliest years of British settlement in Australia andcontain the only tangible relics of 1788 still in place.
In 1835, they established the beginning of the renowned Melbourne city, about 47 years after Sydney.
Gayndah was the first town in Queensland to be formally gazetted, in 1852.
Gayndah. Gayndah lays claim to being the oldest town in Queensland and was first settled in 1849, maintaining its old fashioned charm to today.
7 things you didn't know about Queensland's longest named town: Kaimkillenbun. Its population might only reach three figures (293), but if the number of letters in its name tell of anything – it's that there's much to learn about Queensland's longest named town, Kaimkillenbun.
There is no one Aboriginal word that all Aborigines use for Australia; however, today they call Australia, ""Australia"" because that is what it is called today. There are more than 250 aboriginal tribes in Australia. Most of them didn't have a word for ""Australia""; they just named places around them.
While Indigenous Australians have inhabited the continent for tens of thousands of years, and traded with nearby islanders, the first documented landing on Australia by a European was in 1606. The Dutch explorer Willem Janszoon landed on the western side of Cape York Peninsula and charted about 300 km of coastline.
Aussies: This one's a classic and is used to describe Australians worldwide. Ozzies: A variation of Aussies; this one is more commonly used by Americans. Roo: Short for kangaroo, this term is used affectionately to refer to Australians.
It is generally held that Australian Aboriginal peoples originally came from Asia via insular Southeast Asia (now Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, and the Philippines) and have been in Australia for at least 45,000–50,000 years.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are the first peoples of Australia, meaning they were here for thousands of years prior to colonisation.
Aboriginal origins
Humans are thought to have migrated to Northern Australia from Asia using primitive boats. A current theory holds that those early migrants themselves came out of Africa about 70,000 years ago, which would make Aboriginal Australians the oldest population of humans living outside Africa.