The most deadly bacterial disease contracted by human beings is mycobacterium tuberculosis, the world's leading infectious disease with more than 1,700,000 deaths per year. As much as 13% of cases are resistant to most antibiotics, and about 6% are resistant or unresponsive to essentially all treatment.
These are 1) Staphylococcus, 2) Corynebacterium, and 3) Cutibacterium. In each category, there are helpful, neutral, and harmful strains of bacteria.
According to the WHO, the highest priority must be placed on the first group of bacteria. This critical category includes Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both of which can cause wound infections, and the group of Enterobacteriaceae. Enterobacteria include Klebsiella, E. coli, Serratia and Proteus.
Deinococcus radiodurans, a poly-extremophilic bacterium, isn't only radiation-resistant. These immortal animals can also die and come back to life thanks to their incredible DNA repair response.
Disinfectants kill only select strains of germs. No disinfectant is capable of killing all germs found on a hard surface. The absence of all germs is referred to as sterilization and is a process that surpasses the efficacy level achieved with any disinfectant solution.
The E. coli break down molecules of food that the human body can't disassemble on its own, and they crowd out other bacteria less suited to cooperation with a human host (and more likely to go rogue and send us back to the toilets, or worse).
The most extreme extremophile that is known at the moment is the Deinococcus radiodurans. This microbe can survive extreme cold, drought, thin air and acid. It has even been found on the walls inside nuclear reactors, where the radioactivity would be instantly fatal for humans.
Tetanus toxin and botulinum toxin
Clostridial neurotoxins produced by Clostridium tetani (TeNT) and Clostridium botulinum (BoNT) are among the most potent toxins known; the 50% lethal toxin dose of BoNT is 0.001 g/kg body weight.
Myth: If you let food sit out more than 2 hours, you can make it safe by reheating it really hot. Fact: Some bacteria, such as staphylococcus (staph) and Bacillus cereus, produce toxins not destroyed by high cooking temperatures.
An anti-inflammatory diet, regular exercise, good quality sleep, and probiotics are all strategies to put in place before trying antimicrobials or antibiotics to get rid of bad bacteria.
The dominant gut microbial phyla are Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia, with the two phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes [13] representing 90% of gut microbiota.
The aminoglycosides, in particular gentamicin, are the most toxic of the antibiotics commonly used in ophthalmology. Extreme caution should be used when administering a periocular injection of aminoglycoside for treatment or prophylaxis of infection.
Septicaemia is a serious blood infection. It is when bacteria enter the bloodstream and cause blood poisoning. Sepsis is a condition that happens when the body damages its own tissues in response to a bad infection. Sepsis can cause shock, organ failure and death if it's not treated quickly.
Viruses are more dangerous than bacteria. Viruses and bacteria are both infectious microorganisms. Both are capable of causing various diseases, many of which have similar symptoms. They both also spread diseases in similar ways from person to person or by consuming contaminated water or food.
Discovery of the Giant Mimivirus. Mimivirus is the largest and most complex virus known.
Named Thiomargarita magnifica, they live by oxidizing sulfur, and are 50 times bigger than any other known bacteria.
Bacterial Invaders
Salmonella and Campylobacter, which can cause severe diarrhea and vomiting, can live about 1 to 4 hours outside the body. Staphylococcus aureus, the bacterium that causes dangerous MRSA infections, can live for many weeks because it thrives without moisture.
The earliest known life forms on Earth are believed to be fossilized microorganisms found in hydrothermal vent precipitates, considered to be about 3.42 billion years old.
Bacteria and some yeast
Many unicellular organisms age: as time passes, they divide more slowly and ultimately die. Asymmetrically dividing bacteria and yeast also age. However, symmetrically dividing bacteria and yeast can be biologically immortal under ideal growing conditions.
Cyanobacteria: Fossil Record. The cyanobacteria have an extensive fossil record. The oldest known fossils, in fact, are cyanobacteria from Archaean rocks of western Australia, dated 3.5 billion years old.
Louca and colleagues estimate between 1.4 and 1.9 million bacterial lineages exist on Earth today. They were also able to determine how that number has changed over the last billion years -- with 45,000 to 95,000 extinctions in the last million years alone.
The 0.1% that are not killed are most likely those individual bacteria which have resistance to the antibacterial agents in the cleaner. Because they are not killed, they survive and could multiply into a whole population of bacteria which are resistant to that chemical.
The reason many products say 'kills 99.9 percent' of bacteria on the label is because that is the performance threshold for the sanitizer test EPA requires (ASTM E1153) if people want to market products as sanitizers. In other words, a 99.9 percent reduction is EPA's arbitrary cutoff for sanitizer performance.