The hottest things in the universe are likely the cores of quasars, reaching trillions of Kelvin, or the fleeting quark-gluon plasma created in particle colliders like the LHC, which hits ~10 trillion degrees Fahrenheit. The absolute hottest moment ever was the universe's birth in the Big Bang, a singularity with unimaginable temperatures. Natural phenomena like colliding neutron stars and supernovae also produce extreme heat, but quasars and artificial plasmas hold current records for sustained or created heat.
But even that's cooler than Quasar 3C273, the hottest known object in existence, blazing at an astonishing 18 trillion°F (10 trillion°C) as matter spirals into its supermassive black hole. Source: NASA, CERN, and Astrophysical Journal data on black holes, quasars, and cosmic plasma (2025).
That stuff is called the "quark-gluon plasma". It is a special kind of super-hot soup artificially created in the large hadron collider located at CERN in Switzerland. It's so hot that it's even hotter than the sun and hotter than anything else we know.
It's safe to say the sun at all parts is much hotter than lava.
Peak luminosities of a hypernova, also known as a superluminous supernova, are many times greater than that of any other, 'normal' supernova. Neutron star interiors reach ~1012 (one trillion) K: sufficiently hot to create quark-gluon plasmas.
You might be wondering about how much external heat a person can tolerate. Live Science writes that most humans can endure about 10 minutes in 140–degree heat before suffering from hyperthermia, a lethal form of which is the aforementioned heat stroke.
The planet that experiences 42 years of darkness (and 42 years of light) at its poles is Uranus, due to its extreme axial tilt of about 98 degrees, making it "roll" on its side as it orbits the Sun. This unique tilt causes each pole to face the Sun continuously for 42 Earth years, followed by 42 years in darkness, while the equator experiences more typical day-night cycles.
Lava only heats up to 1200 degrees Celsius; for a diamond to melt, it needs up to 4500 degrees Celsius. So a diamond cannot melt in lava.
In fact, scientists believe that the region where FU Orionis's planet-forming disk touches the star's surface glows at around 16,000 Kelvin — three times hotter than the surface of our sun.
The hottest part is the flame, which can reach temperatures of up to 1,400 ºF. Molten candle wax can be anywhere from 120–400 ºF, depending on the type of wax used. Lastly, the glass container of a candle is usually around 100–140 °F during normal use.
Assuming the sun is a perfect black body , increasing the sun's temperature by 1% increases its power output by 4%. This means the 'solar constant' - the roughly 1400 W/m2 of power received at the earth's surface - will increase by 4% and so the earth will radiate that 4% more power when in thermal equilibrium.
Global temperature is projected to warm by about 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7° degrees Fahrenheit) by 2050 and 2-4 degrees Celsius (3.6-7.2 degrees Fahrenheit) by 2100.
The coldest possible temperature is 0 kelvin, or absolute zero; these molecules were just 97 billionths of a kelvin warmer. To turn these two-atom molecules into four-atom molecules, the researchers had to combine them in pairs without allowing them to warm up.
A CERN experiment at the Large Hadron Collider created the highest recorded temperature ever when it reached 9.9 trillion degrees Fahrenheit. The experiment was meant to make a primordial goop called a quark–gluon plasma behave like a frictionless fluid. That's more than 366,000 times hotter than the center of the Sun.
Lake Havasu City hit 128 degrees on June 29, 1994, making it the hottest temperature ever recorded in the state, according to the National Weather Service. This is just 6 degrees cooler than the record high in Death Valley. The highest temperature recorded in Phoenix was 122 degrees on June 26, 1990.
Stellar black holes are very cold: they have a temperature of nearly absolute zero – which is zero Kelvin, or −273.15 degrees Celsius. Supermassive black holes are even colder. But a black hole's event horizon is incredibly hot. The gas being pulled rapidly into a black hole can reach millions of degrees.
In our solar system, Mercury and Venus are the only two planets that do not have any moons, primarily due to their close proximity to the Sun, which makes it difficult for their weak gravitational fields to capture and hold onto natural satellites against the Sun's overwhelming pull.
About 4 to 7 billion years from now, when hydrogen fusion in the Sun's core diminishes to the point where the Sun is no longer in hydrostatic equilibrium, its core will undergo a marked increase in density and temperature which will cause its outer layers to expand, eventually transforming the Sun into a red giant.
While air temperatures can change from freezing cold in the winter to scorching hot in the summer, the temperature of the ground just 6 or more feet under the surface remains steady at approximately 55 degrees Fahrenheit throughout the year.
A research team including a University of Michigan scientist has discovered a new gold-sulfur complex that helps researchers understand how gold deposits are formed. Gold in ore deposits associated with volcanoes around the Pacific Ring of Fire originates in Earth's mantle and is transported by magma to its surface.
Harsh chemicals like acetone, chlorine, bleach and other abrasive substances like baking powder and toothpaste will damage your diamond beyond repair.
Nevertheless, there are several materials that can resist such temperatures. Steel, nickel, and iron have melting points above 2,600°F (1,400°C). The metal with the highest melting point is tungsten (6,192°F or 3,422°C). These metals would get red and start glowing in contact with lava but wouldn't melt.
Neptune is dark, cold, and very windy. It's the last of the planets in our solar system. It's more than 30 times as far from the sun as Earth is. Neptune is very similar to Uranus.
The surface of Pluto is extremely cold, so it's unlikely that life could exist there. At such cold temperatures, water, which is vital for life as we know it, is essentially rock-like. Pluto's interior is warmer, however, and some think there could even be an ocean deep inside.
On March 23, 2178, Pluto will complete its first full orbit around the Sun since its discovery. Of the five dwarf planets in the Solar System – including Eris, Ceres, Makemake, and Haumea – Pluto is easily the best-known due to its brief categorization as a regular planet.