Poland before 1991 was called Polish Peoples Republic. It was also socialist republic that was not member-state of the USSR, but was fully controlled by USSR. The territory of Poland before and after 1991 was the same.
Between 1952 and 1989, Poland was called the Polish People's Republic. The country was subjected to the USSR during these 37 years. For its inhabitants, this meant being watched, censored and deprived of basic necessities.
The Soviet Union (USSR) was composed of 15 Soviet Socialist Republics (SSRs) that became independent countries after its collapse, including Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania), the Caucasus states (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan), and Central Asian states (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan). These republics formed a vast union stretching across Eastern Europe and Asia.
However, at the decisive Battle of Warsaw (1920), Polish forces achieved an unexpected victory between 12 and 25 August 1920, turning the tide of the war. This battle, often referred to as the "Miracle on the Vistula", is considered one of the most important military triumphs in Polish history.
Russia received all the Polish territory east of the line formed roughly by the Dvina and Dnieper rivers. Prussia gained the economically valuable province of Royal Prussia, excluding the cities of Gdańsk (Danzig) and Toruń, and also gained the northern portion of the region of Great Poland (Wielkopolska).
German soldiers, dressed as Poles, had attacked a radio station in the border town of Gleiwitz and spread false information. It gave Hitler an excuse to attack Poland.
Reporting from Warsaw on 13 November, The Guardian highlighted that Poland—already operating a near-total tourist-visa ban for Russians since 2022—intends to apply the new policy in full and will instruct consulates to grant only single-entry humanitarian visas under narrowly defined exceptions.
The 1939 German ultimatum to Poland refers to a list of 16 demands (or points) by Nazi Germany to Poland, demanding the return of the Free City of Danzig to Germany and for a plebiscite to be held on the status of the Polish Corridor as part of German demands to negotiate on August 29, 1939.
Poland has been an avid supporter of Ukraine throughout the tumultuous period of the Euromaidan and the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation. The Polish government has campaigned for Ukraine in the European Union and is a supporter of sanctions against Russia for its actions in Ukraine.
Before 1922, the lands that would become modern Ukraine were known by several names, including the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) (1917-1920) and the Ukrainian State (Second Hetmanate) (1918), with parts also under Polish (West Ukrainian People's Republic) or Russian Empire control (sometimes called "Little Russia"), before being partitioned and eventually becoming the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic within the USSR in late 1922.
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), also known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until its dissolution in 1991.
This included Siberia, Central Asia, the Caucasus and parts of Eastern Europe. Russia engaged in settler colonialism in these lands, and also founded colonies in North America, notably in present-day Alaska.
Poland's old names include Lechia, from a legendary founder, and Sarmatia, a broader geographical term; its modern name Polska comes from the Polans tribe, meaning "field dwellers," while Latin used Polonia, and other regions use names like Lechistan (Turkish/Persian) and Lenkija (Lithuanian).
The Polish People's Republic was dissolved following the Revolutions of 1989 and the 1990 Polish presidential election, but the post-communist Third Polish Republic retained the 1952 constitution, with amendments, until the introduction of the current constitution on 17 October 1997, abolishing the socialist structure ...
The Polish armed forces were reconstituted and fought alongside the Western Allies in France, Britain and elsewhere. A Resistance movement began organizing in Poland in 1939, soon after the invasions. Its largest military component was a part of the Polish Underground State network and became known as the Home Army.
You need a visa for Russia if you have a Polish passport.
By 2023, the most negative perception of Russia was in Ukraine (net negative 79%), followed by Portugal with 69%, Japan with 68%, and Poland with 68%, according to the 2023 Democracy Perception Index.
According to the German government, there is no legal basis for further compensation payments.
He believed that Adolf Hitler could not be trusted and that any agreement with the Nazis would only lead to further destruction down the line. Churchill argued that negotiating would mean accepting Nazi domination of Europe, which he saw as morally and strategically unacceptable.
Then, saying "It is finished, goodbye", Hitler took Eva back into their rooms for the last time. During the afternoon Hitler shot himself and Eva took the poison capsule that he had given her.
Russia and Poland have been at war with one another 16 times. 13 of these conflicts were caused by Russia invading. (The remaining three were acts of aggression from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth formed in the 16th century.) And since Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine, old tensions have resurfaced.
The largest migrant communities originate from Ukraine (over 1,1 million), the UK (close to 185,000), and Germany (over 87,000). Since 2014, immigration to Poland has risen from an average 200,000 persons per year recorded in 2014-2020 to 303,275 persons in 2023.