Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a frequent cause for hospitalization in young children and teenagers. It's associated with developing mental conditions, including secondary ADHD, a form of ADHD that develops following an injury.
Physical brain injury in children contributes to the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), distinct from genetic risk for the disorder.
More than 20 genetic studies have shown evidence that ADHD is strongly inherited. Yet ADHD is a complex disorder, which is the result of multiple genetic interactions. Previously, scientists believed that maternal stress and smoking during pregnancy could increase the risk of a child developing ADHD.
Trauma and traumatic stress, according to a growing body of research, are closely associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD or ADD). Trauma and adversity can alter the brain's architecture, especially in children, which may partly explain their link to the development of ADHD.
Definition. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a form of acquired brain injury, occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. TBI can result when the head suddenly and violently hits an object, or when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue.
Intracranial hematomas. Coup-contrecoup brain injury. Diffuse axonal injury. Penetrating brain injury.
A CT scan can quickly visualize fractures and uncover evidence of bleeding in the brain (hemorrhage), blood clots (hematomas), bruised brain tissue (contusions), and brain tissue swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An MRI uses powerful radio waves and magnets to create a detailed view of the brain.
ADHD is a mental health condition typically characterized by inattentive, hyperactive, or impulsive behavior. On the other hand, trauma is a mental, emotional, or physical response to a shocking or distressing event or series of stressful events.
ADHD tends to run in families and, in most cases, it's thought the genes you inherit from your parents are a significant factor in developing the condition. Research shows that parents and siblings of someone with ADHD are more likely to have ADHD themselves.
Thayer's study shows that the ADHD group of children had larger and more frequent variations. Fathers with ADHD will pass this code discrepancy to offspring. Barkley explains that the heritability of ADHD runs around 80 percent. Genetics account for 80 percent of the components that define ADHD.
ADHD more common in offspring of mothers with genetic serotonin deficiencies. Summary: Children whose mothers are genetically predisposed to have impaired production of serotonin appear more likely to develop attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder later in life, according to a new report.
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to identify people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from patients without the condition, according to a new study published in Radiology. Information from brain MRIs may also help to distinguish among subtypes of ADHD.
At the brain circuitry level, the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and cortico-limbic areas are dysfunctional in individuals with ADHD.
Basal ganglia.
A deficiency in the basal ganglia can cause information to “short-circuit,” resulting in inattention or impulsivity.
Conclusions: Results suggested that ADHD cases were more commonly exposed to emotional abuse and neglect. They had significantly more dissociative experiences and reported Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms more frequently.
There are also many kids who experience repeated traumatic events in their home or community who develop these symptoms, even though they don't meet all the criteria for PTSD. This is sometimes called “complex trauma,” and these kids, too, can be misdiagnosed with ADHD.
ADHD's major symptoms are hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity – which can also be signs of PTSD. For this reason, PTSD symptoms are sometimes mistaken for ADHD. It can also mean a PTSD diagnosis is missed in someone who has both conditions, because the ADHD is seen to explain all their symptoms.
What is the cause or basis of ADHD? It is an impulse disorder with genetic components that results from imbalances of neurotransmitters.
ADHD, also called attention-deficit disorder, is a behavior disorder, usually first diagnosed in childhood, that is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and, in some cases, hyperactivity.
As you know, one trademark of ADHD is low levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine — a chemical released by nerve cells into the brain. Due to this lack of dopamine, people with ADHD are "chemically wired" to seek more, says John Ratey, M.D., professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School in Boston.
Early MRIs could only detect abnormal brain activity. Until recently, it hasn't been possible for neurologists and doctors to use an MRI scan to visualize the effects of mild traumatic brain injury or concussions since a standard MRI can only pick up substantial brain tissue damage.
And a neuropsychologist is a specialized type of psychologist who studies the relationship between the brain and behavior. He or she is able to diagnose and evaluate a traumatic brain injury patient's deficits and recommend some therapies to help the patient.
Anatomical imaging with MRI is very sensitive and accurate in diagnosing cerebral pathology in TBI patients.