To make /ʃ/, place the tip of your tongue at the front of the top of your mouth, behind where the /s/ is produced. Push air between the top of your mouth and the tip of your tongue. Do not vibrate your vocal cords. Problems with playback may be resolved by refreshing the page.
/ʧ/ is pronounced without your tongue moving and with more air released than with /t/. It is similar to the sound of a sneeze, and the air released should be able to move a piece of paper or be felt on your hand five centimetres in front of your mouth.
To make the /dʒ/ sound:
Place the tip of your tongue just behind the hard ridge at the front of the top of your mouth. Vibrate your vocal cords, and push air forward out of your mouth. Stop the air completely at first, and then release it.
These two are pronounced with exactly the same mouth position but /dʒ/ uses the voice, whereas /tʃ/ is just a sudden puff of air similar to a sneeze.
The /dʒ/ sound is one of the two affricate consonant sounds in American English. Note for geeks: the /dʒ/ sound is a palato-alveolar, voiced, affricate consonant.
Both sounds are made by pushing air between the lower teeth and the roof of the mouth, but dʒ begins with a brief "d" sound, and ʒ does not. The two sounds are similar, but the initial "d" in dʒ makes it a sharper sound.
The consonant /dʒ/ is a voiced, alveo-palatal, affricate consonant. Press the middle of your tongue between your alveolar ridge and your soft palate. Quickly move your tongue downward while forcefully pushing air out. The air in your mouth should stop before it is released.
In manner of articulation, both sounds are sibilant affricates, produced by stopping and then pushing the air stream along the grooved tongue surface (the tongue blade, or the front section of the tongue) creating a hissing-style high frequency noise due to air turbulence.
The sounds /tʃ/ and /ʃ/ are both voiceless, alveo-palatal consonants. However, /tʃ/ is an affricate while /ʃ/ is a fricative. When you pronounce /tʃ/, the air in your mouth should stop (like a /t/) before it is released (like a /ʃ/).
The ʧ sound is from the 'Consonants Pairs' group and it is called the 'Voiceless palato- alveolar affricate'.
Ezh (Ʒ ʒ) /ˈɛʒ/, also called the "tailed z", is a letter the lower case form of which is used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), representing the voiced postalveolar fricative consonant.
Old English had a fairly large set of dorsal (postalveolar, palatal, velar) and glottal consonants: [k, tʃ, ɡ, dʒ, ɣ, j, ʃ, x, ç, h]. Typically only /k, tʃ, ɣ, j, ʃ, x/ are analyzed as separate phonemes; [dʒ] is considered an allophone of /j/, [ɡ] an allophone of /ɣ/, and [h] and [ç] allophones of /x/.
To make /ʒ/, place the tip of your tongue at the front of the top of your mouth, behind where the /s/ is produced. Vibrate your vocal cords as you push air between the top of your mouth and the tip of your tongue.
The /ŋ/ phoneme is, made through the nose rather than the mouth and it is Voiced, which means you use your vocal cords, but it is defined by the position of your tongue, and is made with the flow of air through the mouth completely blocked.
The biggest difference between these two sounds is that /ɒ/ is a short vowel and /ɔ:/ is a long one. The mouth position is also slightly different, with the mouth in /ɔ:/ being slightly tighter and more rounded.
Some Ways of Spelling the /ɔ:/ Sound
ore, as in: chore, ore, pore, core, more, etc. our, as in: court, four, mourn, etc. oar, as in: hoarse, coarse, soar, hoard, oar, etc. oor, as in: door, floor, moor, etc.
The sound [dʒ] in Modern English is a late-comer, and was not significant in Old English. Old French [dʒ], which was more significant, derived from various (post-)Latin sources, including i~j (also *g plus front vowel). The English practice of writing <j> for [dʒ] was borrowed from French (as were words so spelled).
The two sounds [ç] and [ʃ] correspond to the phonemic fricative categories of Standard German, while [ɕ] is somewhat intermediate between /ç/ and /ʃ/ sounds found in the multi-ethnic urban Berlin variety Kiezdeutsch and in French learners' German.