As the son of Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark,
The dynasty ended with the death of Aerys the Mad King during Robert's Rebellion, in which the Targaryens were overthrown and replaced by House Baratheon. The two surviving children of Aerys II, Viserys and Daenerys Targaryen, fled into exile, and have resided in the Free Cities of Essos ever since.
The two surviving Targaryens, Viserys and Daenerys, fled into exile to the Free Cities of Essos across the Narrow Sea. House Lannister replaced House Baratheon as the royal house in the aftermath of the War of the Five Kings, but they were defeated in the Last War.
For most of Game of Thrones the series has been labouring under one salient truth: Daenerys is the last Targaryen left standing. At first, it was her and her brother Viserys, the two living children of the mad King Aerys II, a dynasty whose reign spanning some three centuries ended during Robert Baratheon's rebellion.
Introduced in 1996's A Game of Thrones, Daenerys is one of the last surviving members (along with her older brother, Viserys III, the "Beggar King") of House Targaryen which, until 14 years before the events of the first novel, had ruled Westeros from the Iron Throne for nearly 300 years before being ousted.
The last dragon was born to House Targaryen during the reign of King Aegon III Targaryen. Although she was sickly, she laid a clutch of five eggs, which never hatched. The last dragon died in 153 AC in King's Landing.
Though they originate from a city of Dragonlords, the Velaryons never had dragons of their own. Instead, they raised ships. These came in handy when Aegon the Conqueror needed a fleet. The Velaryons aligned themselves with the Targaryens early on, even before they ruled Westeros.
At the heart of it is always the person stepping up to truly prop the House up as a great one, which is why fans will always debate who's the most powerful Targaryen. Thanks to the spinoff series, it's perfectly clear that it's none other than Daemon.
Vhagar was a she-dragon of House Targaryen. She was ridden by Queen Visenya Targaryen during Aegon's Conquest, alongside Aegon the Conqueror's Balerion and their sister Rhaenys's Meraxes. Other known riders of Vhagar are Prince Baelon Targaryen, Lady Laena Velaryon and Prince Aemond Targaryen.
A number of characters were killed during the Battle of Winterfell. Daenerys lost nearly her entire Dothraki army, as well as Jorah Mormont.
The missing character is Daeron Targaryen, the third son of King Viserys.
Aegon II Targaryen was the sixth Targaryen king to sit the Iron Throne, succeeding his father, Viserys I Targaryen, as Lord of the Seven Kingdoms. His ascent was disputed by his older half-sister, Princess Rhaenyra Targaryen, who had been their father's designated heir.
Aerys II Targaryen, also called the Mad King and King Scab, was the seventeenth and last member of the Targaryen dynasty to sit the Iron Throne, ruling from 262 AC to 283 AC. His children that lived to adulthood, by his sister-wife, Rhaella, were Rhaegar, Viserys, and Daenerys Targaryen.
After Rhaenyra is crowned Queen by her followers at the Targaryen ancestral seat of Dragonstone, her second born son Lucerys Velaryon and King Aegon's younger brother Aemond both take their dragons to seek the support of Lord Borros Baratheon of Storm's End.
Tyrion learns that during Robert's Rebellion, Varys, a Targaryen loyalist, allegedly switched the baby Aegon with that of a peasant baby.
Jon Snow was the last targaryen all along, which they referenced many times over in the show. He is also the one who put an end to the Targaryen bloodline which is known for mad kings and queens. And with the death of Dawnerys comes election of kings and queens that are fit for the throne.
Having now claimed and bonded with her, Aemond takes her for a first flight; though he nearly falls to his death having not properly fastened himself to the saddle, he is able to fly her around Driftmark. Later, during the royal family's return to King's Landing, Aemond rides Vhagar home.
Sunfyre devoured Rhaenyra in six bites, leaving only her left leg below the shin. Prince Aegon the Younger was forced to watch his mother die, and Elinda Massey allegedly gouged out her eyes in horror.
9) Vermithor
The second biggest and largest dragon in the world after Vhagar, the bronze-scaled Vermithor was ridden by King Jaehaerys, grandfather of Viserys. After Jaehaerys' death, Vermithor remained riderless and in the Dragonmont.
Aegon the Unworthy. Aegon IV was the son of King Viserys II, and is considered one of the worst kings to ever sit the Iron Throne, earning him the nickname “the Unworthy.” I see many similarities between Aegon IV and Baron Harkonnen from Dune.
Maegor I Targaryen, also known as Maegor the Cruel, was the third Targaryen king to sit the Iron Throne. He was the son of King Aegon I Targaryen and his elder sister-wife, Queen Visenya Targaryen.
At the age of thirteen, Helaena was plumper than most Targaryens, and less striking as well. Nonetheless, she was a pleasant and happy girl, and all agreed she would be an excellent mother.
The great power of the Targaryens over Westeros is due almost entirely to their unique mastery of dragons. To mount a dragon, it is thought that one must have the blood of Old Valyrian dragonriders flowing through them. House Targaryen ruled Westeros as the only family with this ancestry,...
The Velaryons Are Dragonriders Thanks to Rhaenys Targaryen
So far in the show, Laenor Velaryon, who rides Seasmoke, was already mentioned by Lord Lyonel Strong (Gavin Spokes) to be of pure Valyrian descent, but he is also a dragonseed.
House of the Dragon boss says featuring Black Velaryons makes sense for the story and wasn't just to be seen as progressive. One of the ways that House of the Dragon differs itself from its predecessor is through a more diverse cast.