Voltage is the measure of specific potential energy (potential energy per unit charge) between two locations. In layman's terms, it is the measure of “push” available to motivate the charge. Voltage, as an expression of potential energy, is always relative between two locations, or points.
Voltage is the pressure from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop, enabling them to do work such as illuminating a light. In brief, voltage = pressure, and it is measured in volts (V).
In other words, voltage is the difference in electric potential between two points. Current is just the rate of flow of electric charge. In simple words, the current is the rate at which electric charge flows in a circuit at a particular point. The SI unit of voltage is Volts (V).
Voltage is the force that pushes electrons through a circuit to produce electricity. Current is the act of the electrons flowing through the circuit. In a direct current, electrons only flow in one direction, while those in an alternating current change direction.
Current is the rate at which electrons flow past a point in a complete electrical circuit. At its most basic, current = flow. An ampere (AM-pir), or amp, is the international unit used for measuring current.
Electric generators move magnets near coils of wires to create the voltages on the electrical grid. DC generation creates voltages using the energy from light in photovoltaic cells, or the energy from chemical reactions, usually inside batteries, and even temperature differences by using thermocouples.
Electrical power is measured in watts. In an electrical system power (P) is equal to the voltage multiplied by the current.
Voltage can exist without current, as it is the cause of flowing charge. Current does not exist without voltage, as voltage is the main cause to flow current except theoretical superconductor.
When corrosion, loose connections or other types of resistance restrict a circuit, volts and amps both drop. If volts drop, amps drop too. That is why when you find a voltage drop in a connection or cable, you know the connection or cable is restricted.
Like power system frequency, voltage has to be kept within a set range for the power system to work properly and safely. If voltage is too high, equipment can be damaged or “fried”, and if it is too low, equipment can operate poorly or stall.
The reason it's 240V is because that's the power line that has been standardized over here. Some European countries use 220V, while some specify 230V; most appliances will accept 220-240V however.
A more concrete example of voltage from real life is a water tank with a hose extending from the bottom. Water in the tank represents stored charge. It takes work to fill the tank with water. This creates a store of water, as separating charge does in a battery.
Voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference, is the difference in electric potential between two points.
Voltages are usually measured by placing the measuring device in parallel with the component or circuit (load) to be measured. The measuring device should have an infinite input impedance (resistance) so that it will absorb no energy from the circuit under test and, therefore, measure the true voltage.
Electromotive force means the force which makes current continuously flows through a conductor. This force can be generated from power generator, battery, flashlight battery and fuel cell, etc.
To help a child understand the properties of static electricity, rub a balloon on your hair or a wool blanket or sweater, and watch how it sticks to the wall for a few moments. Explain that this is an example of negatively and positively charged atoms reacting to each other.
Current is a flow of electrical charge carriers, usually electrons or electron-deficient atoms. The common symbol for current is the uppercase letter I.
An electric charge is a trait or property that comes from electromagnetic forces and fields. Protons have a positive charge. Electrons have a negative charge. Usually atoms have the same number of protons and electrons, which gives the atom a neutral charge.
If you increase the voltage (or electrical pressure) in a circuit, then the current (flow of electrons) will increase in direct proportion, eg if you double the voltage the current flow will double. Therefore double the current multiplied by double the voltage will quadruple the power.
Higher voltage allows for the production of higher, more dangerous currents. Resistance opposes current, making high resistance a good protective measure against shock. Any voltage above 30 is generally considered to be capable of delivering dangerous shock currents.
The voltage of a battery is a fundamental characteristic of a battery, which is determined by the chemical reactions in the battery, the concentrations of the battery components, and the polarization of the battery. The voltage calculated from equilibrium conditions is typically known as the nominal battery voltage.