Judaism's Golden Rule, famously summarized by Rabbi Hillel, is a negative formulation: "What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow." This core principle, derived from Leviticus 19:18 ("Love your neighbor as yourself"), emphasizes empathy and sets a fundamental ethical standard that the rest of Torah commentary expands upon, stressing not harming others as the basis for a moral life.
The term halachah typically translates as 'Jewish law' or more literally, 'the path one walks'. Briefly, Halachah refers to the whole set of comprehensive rules, ordinances, commandments and practices that structure Jewish life. A specific Jewish law is referred to as a 'mitzvah' (plural: 'mitzvot').
Most people grew up with the old adage: "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you." Best known as the “golden rule”, it simply means you should treat others as you'd like to be treated.
Some Messianic Jews believe Jewish Messiah is the pre-existent Word of God, the mighty God, and the only begotten God. Some congregations do not directly ascribe divinity to Jesus, considering him a man, yet not just a man, fathered by the Holy Spirit, who became the Messiah.
13 principles of faith, summarized:
Differences between Judaism and Christianity
One major difference is that Christianity is based on the belief in the divinity of Jesus Christ, who is considered to be the Son of God and the Saviour of humanity. For Jews, Jesus was a good teacher and rabbi, but ultimately, just another overzealous failed messiah.
The Mesha Stele bears the earliest known reference (840 BCE) to the Israelite god Yahweh. The name of God used most often in the Hebrew Bible is the Tetragrammaton (Hebrew: יהוה, romanized: YHWH). Jews traditionally do not pronounce it, and instead refer to God as HaShem, literally "the Name".
No. Jesus was executed by the Romans. Crucifixion was a Roman form of execution, not a Jewish one. For most of Christian history, Jews were held responsible for the death of Jesus.
In our passage, Jesus addresses the Jews who had believed in him, saying: "If you remain in my word, you are truly my disciples, and you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free” (John 8:31-32).
Heaven is a Christian conception of the afterlife. The Jewish conception is quite different and even that differs depending on different traditions. But, for the most part, according to Jewish tradition, non-jews do partake in the afterlife, subject to some criteria. God only knows exactly what that is.
Jesus explains the Golden Rule in Matthew 7:12: "So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets." This one sentence covers all of Jesus' teachings about how to treat others. The Golden Rule requires both love and imagination.
It is a rule that aims to help people behave toward each other in a way that is morally good. The Golden Rule is often written as, ''treat others how you want to be treated'' or, ''do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
New Testament
The Golden Rule was proclaimed by Jesus of Nazareth during his Sermon on the Mount and described by him as the second great commandment. The common English phrasing is "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you".
In Judaism, it is believed that adherents must serve God through faith, study, prayer, kindness towards others and the observance of the commandments laid out in the Torah. Jewish rituals and religious observances are grounded in Jewish law (Halakhah – which means “the path one walks”).
Activities that are prohibited include driving, using any electric device, cooking, shopping or handling money. A Jewish person is not even allowed to carry any object outside of their home.
The basic understanding is that in the Torah (baTorah = 613) there are 613 separate commandments for Jewish people to follow. In fact, no individual today would be able to observe each and every commandment since many are directly connected to the rituals of the ancient Temple, which was destroyed in 70CE.
Rejection as the Jewish messiah. Jesus is rejected in Judaism as a failed Jewish messiah claimant and a false prophet by all mainstream Jewish denominations. Judaism also considers the worship of any person a form of idolatry, and rejects the claim that Jesus was divine.
Jews view Christians with a mix of respect (as fellow monotheists) and deep theological disagreement, primarily rejecting Jesus as the Messiah or divine, seeing Christian concepts like the Trinity as idolatrous, and often harboring historical resentment from past Christian antisemitism, while many appreciate Christian support for Israel but strongly oppose missionary efforts to convert Jews. Overall, Jewish perspectives are diverse, ranging from viewing Christianity as a separate, mistaken path to finding common ground as Abrahamic faiths.
Later on, in Deuteronomy 30:3-5, God promises to Israel a specific land – you guessed it! From that moment on, we know it as the Promised Land. The Lord said He would bring his people to the land He chose, and He would make their descendants prosperous.
Jews believe that anyone can pray to God directly. Jews, however, like Christians, do believe in heaven and hell – we call it olam haba, “the world to come;” or sometimes Gan Eiden, the garden of Eden.
In the past sense it is said that the Jews did not kill or crucify Jesus but it only appeared to them as if they had, because Jesus had been raised up by God according to the Quranic narrative.
[5] In John 18:31, the Jews say to Pilate that they lack the authority to execute anyone. It is possible that the Jews were just being careful and deferential toward Pilate, or perhaps even a bit disingenuous, hoping that he would take responsibility for executing Jesus.
Additionally, both religions claim Abraham as their spiritual patriarch and are thereby classified as Abrahamic religions. Islam was strongly influenced by Judaism in its fundamental religious outlook, structure, jurisprudence, and practice.
The Talmud (Berakhot 30a) instructs Jews outside the Land of Israel to face the Holy Land while praying; Jews residing in Israel should turn towards the city of Jerusalem; those living within Jerusalem should orient themselves towards the Temple Mount, and those next to the Temple Mount should turn towards the former ...
Arabic-speaking Jews at least do call their god Allah, just like English-speaking Jews call him God, Portuguese-speaking Jews call him Deus, Spanish-speaking (and Judeo-Spanish-speaking) Jews call him Dio, etc. (though more religious Jews speaking all languages will likely just use a Hebrew term like Hashem).