The right colon consists of the cecum, ascending colon,
Since left-sided tumors have polypoid morphology, it is easier to detect them with colonoscopy in the early stages of carcinogenesis. Right-sided CRC have flat morphology that is difficult to detect [7, 8]. Right-sided CRC patients tend to have advanced and bigger tumors, which are often poorly differentiated.
Abdominal symptoms such as pain, bloating or rectal bleeding are often signs of an abnormal process in the left side of your colon. “Right-sided colon cancers tend to be asymptomatic or cause these symptoms only when they are at an advanced stage and fairly large.
The sigmoid colon is the most common site for cancer of the colon. Rectal carcinoma is the most common cancer of the lower gastrointestinal tract.
Almost all colon cancers start in the lining of the colon and rectum. When doctors talk about colorectal cancer, this is usually what they are talking about. There is no single cause of colon cancer. Nearly all colon cancers begin as noncancerous (benign) polyps, which slowly develop into cancer.
For example, right sided tumours typically present at a more advanced stage with symptoms of weight loss and anaemia, whereas left sided tumours often present with rectal bleeding, change in bowel habit, and tenesmus.
The general progression of colon cancer tends to be slow, but it is still a serious disease that warrants prompt medical attention. If you notice any of the following symptoms, be sure to speak with a physician: Frequent diarrhea or constipation. Blood in stool.
Many cases of colon cancer have no symptoms. If there are symptoms, the following may indicate colon cancer: Abdominal pain and tenderness in the lower abdomen.
Colon cancer is typically slow-growing, starting as a benign polyp that eventually becomes malignant. This process may occur over many years without producing any symptoms. Once colon cancer has developed, it may still be years before it is detected.
CT scan. Computed tomography (CT) scans can be used in a few ways to help detect colorectal cancer, find signs of cancer in other areas of the body, or determine how well cancer treatment is working.
Change in shape
Thin stools are a sign of colon cancer. Any time you notice a narrow or ribbon-like stool, it indicates changes in your colon.
The 60-day unadjusted postoperative mortality for subjects with left-sided colon cancer was 3.99% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 3.78–4.20), compared with 5.28% for those with right-sided colon cancer (95% CI, 5.08–5.49).
001), and stage III right-sided cancers had higher mortality (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.18; P < . 001). When analysis was adjusted for multiple patient, disease, comorbidity, and treatment variables, no overall difference in 5-year mortality was seen between right- and left-sided colon cancers.
For colon cancer, the overall 5-year relative survival rate for people is 63%. If the cancer is diagnosed at a localized stage, the survival rate is 91%. If the cancer has spread to surrounding tissues or organs and/or the regional lymph nodes, the 5-year relative survival rate is 72%.
Colon cancer can cause both constipation and diarrhea. A person may feel cramp-like pain in the stomach. The stool may be streaked or mixed with blood. In rectal cancer, the most common symptom is usually bleeding when going to the bathroom.
It can feel like gas, burning or a nagging discomfort. Even if the pain doesn't double you over, if it persists for several weeks, you should talk to your doctor about it, Dr. Del Rosario says. Unexplained weight loss: As a tumor grows, it absorbs more of your proteins and other nutrients, leading to weight loss.
Stage III adenocarcinoma of the colon is a common and curable cancer. Depending on the features of the cancer, 40-50% of patients are cured without evidence of cancer recurrence following treatment with surgery alone.
Among persons with no colorectal neoplasia on initial screening colonoscopy, the 5-year risk of colorectal canceris extremely low. The risk of advanced adenoma is also low, although it is higher among men than among women.
Cure is not possible for most patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, although some patients who have limited involvement of distant organs (particularly restricted to the liver and/or lung) can be cured with surgery.
The most common symptoms of colorectal cancer are blood in the stool, unintentional weight loss, and either ongoing constipation or diarrhea. Other colorectal cancer symptoms may include: Excessive fatigue. Shortness of breath or chest pain from iron-deficiency anemia.
Currently, three types of stool tests are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to screen for colorectal cancer: guaiac FOBT (gFOBT); the fecal immunochemical (or immunohistochemical) test (FIT, also known as iFOBT); and multitargeted stool DNA testing (also known as FIT-DNA).