The Palliative Performance Scale (PPS)1 can inform decisions about a patient's hospice eligibility by helping clinicians recognize a patient's functional decline.
The PPS scores measure five functional domains: ambulation, activity level and evidence of disease, self-care, oral intake, and level of consciousness (Appendix A).
Example 1: A patient who spends the majority of the day sitting or lying down due to fatigue from advanced disease and requires considerable assistance to walk even for short distances but who is otherwise fully conscious level with good intake would be scored at PPS 50%.
To score, there are 11 levels of PPS from 0% to 100% in 10 percent increments. Every decrease in 10% marks a fairly significant decrease in physical function. For example a resident with a score of 0% is deceased and a score of 100% is fully ambulatory and healthy.
For example, 'totally bed 'bound' at PPS 30% is due to either profound weakness or paralysis such that the patient not only can't get out of bed but is also unable to do any self-care.
The PPS and survival time in cancer patients were significantly correlated. Cancer patients with PPS 10, 20, 30, 40–60, and 70–80% had a median survival time of 2, 6, 13, 39, and 95 days, respectively. Non-cancer patients with PPS 10, 20, and 30% had a median survival time of 8, 6, and 24 days, respectively.
10% Totally bedbound. Unable to do any activity / Extensive disease. Total care. Mouth care only.
20 % Totally Bed. Bound. Unable to do any activity. Extensive disease.
They also found that, of those with a PPS score of 30% when admitted, 82% died in a median of five days; 56% with a PPS score of 40% died in a median of eight days; and 37% with a PPS score of 50% died in a median of 11 days.
What is this? The PPS is a valuable tool used in the clinical assessment of all palliative care patients, not just end of life patients. Studies have found the PPS to be both valid and reliable; that is, it accurately predicts progression toward end of life and is interpreted and used consistently.
The Palliative Performance Scale (PPS)1 can inform decisions about a patient's hospice eligibility by helping clinicians recognize a patient's functional decline. For oncology patients, a PPS score of 70% or below may indicate hospice eligibility.
The Victoria Hospice Palliative Performance Scale (PPS, version 2) is an 11-point scale designed to measure patients' performance status in 10% decrements from 100% (healthy) to 0% (death) based on five observable parameters: ambulation, ability to do activities, self-care, food/fluid intake, and consciousness level.
A Prospective Payment System (PPS) is a method of reimbursement in which Medicare payment is made based on a predetermined, fixed amount.
For example, this may include a structured tool that a provider uses in clinical care to ask about a patient's symptoms, such as pain, or the quality of care, such as asking a patient follow-up questions about whether pain was controlled; or a questionnaire about the impact of a palliative care intervention, such as a ...
Results: Study findings revealed that admission PPS score was a strong predictor of survival in patients already identified as palliative, along with gender and age, but diagnosis was not significantly related to survival.
Mid-arm circumference (MAC) is an important measure of nutritional status. Following a. patient's nutritional status is key for establishing eligibility for hospice care.
From this table, one can see at PPS 10%, that only 13% of patients are expected to survive seven days or longer, 5% to survive 14 days, but none would survive 30 days. In contrast, at PPS 30% one can expect 63% of patients to survive seven days or longer, 42% to survive 14 days, and 23% to survive 30 days.
Across all disease groups, the accuracy of survival estimates was high for patients who were likely to live for fewer than 14 days (74% accuracy) or for more than one year (83% accuracy), but less accurate at predicting survival of “weeks” or “months” (32% accuracy).
The Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) describes the clinical progression of dementia [6]. Scores range from 1 to 7, with higher scores indicating greater dementia severity. The time course of progression through various stages is quite variable. There is no single clinical definition of advanced dementia.
The median number of days of palliative care prior to death for all US studies was 19 days, and for all non-US studies, it was 29 days. Cancer patients have a longer duration of palliative care as compared with those with non-malignant disease.
An examination of the timing of palliative care receipt relative to cancer diagnosis found that palliative care received 0 to 30 days after diagnosis was associated with decreases in survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.13; 95% CI, 1.97-2.30), palliative care received 31 to 365 days after diagnosis was associated ...
It's not simply about dying. Some people live comfortably for months or years after a diagnosis of advanced cancer, and can be supported by palliative care as needed.
A pulse per second (PPS or 1PPS) is an electrical signal that has a width of less than one second and a sharply rising or abruptly falling edge that accurately repeats once per second.
Pulse per second (PPS) is the simplest form of synchronization. PPS is a signal that outputs a high logic level once a second. It does not contain information about the specific time of day or year. The pulse width is generally 100 ms.
"PPS" is more specific than "Hz." It stands for "pulses per second," and while you can use "Hz" or "Hertz" to describe the frequency of any periodic signal, not all periodic signals can be described as having "pulses." What do you need to caracterize a signal ? Only a frequency ? If so, 1hz and one PPs is the same.