The procedure usually takes 30 to 60 minutes. The biopsy is done in the following way: A chest x-ray or chest CT scan may be used to find the exact spot for the biopsy. If the biopsy is done using a CT scan, you may be lying down during the exam.
If you weren't asleep, you should be able to go home after a few hours. Have someone pick you up, because it's not safe to drive. Otherwise, you may need to stay in the hospital for one or more nights. For the next few days, your chest may feel sore.
An open or thoracoscopic lung biopsy is a surgical procedure that is performed under general anesthesia. As with any surgical procedure, complications may occur.
A needle biopsy is less invasive than open and closed surgical biopsies, both of which involve a larger incision in the skin and local or general anesthesia. Generally, the procedure is not painful. Results are as accurate as when a tissue sample is removed surgically.
Lung biopsy results are usually available in 2 to 4 working days. It may take several weeks to get results from tissue samples that are being tested for certain infections, such as tuberculosis. Normal: The lung tissue is normal under a microscope.
Results from a biopsy are usually returned with 24 to 48 hours. Special biopsies performed during surgical procedures may take as little as 10 to 15 minutes. Depending on the type of biopsy, you may need to make a follow-up appointment with your doctor to discuss the results. Treatment depends on the diagnosis.
The Mechanics of Pulmonary Nodules
There is very little growth or change, if there's any at all. Cancerous pulmonary nodules, however, are known to grow relatively quickly—usually doubling in size every four months but sometimes as fast as every 25 days.
Lobectomy is the removal (resection) of the lobe of the lung affected by lung cancer. This is the most commonly performed lung cancer surgery. A bilobectomy is the removal of two lobes and is only done for tumors of the right lung where the tumor involves two adjacent lobes.
The short answer is no. A CT scan usually isn't enough to tell whether a lung nodule is a benign tumor or a cancerous lump. A biopsy is the only way to confirm a lung cancer diagnosis. But the nodule's characteristics as seen on a CT scan may offer clues.
If there is a higher chance that the nodule is cancer (or if the nodule can't be reached with a needle or bronchoscope), surgery might be done to remove the nodule and some surrounding lung tissue. Sometimes larger parts of the lung might be removed as well.
Transbronchial biopsy.
This type of biopsy is done with a bronchoscope. This is a long, thin tube with a tiny camera. The bronchoscope is put down the throat and through the windpipe (trachea) down into the main airways of the lungs. Forceps (tweezer-like device) are used to remove very small pieces of lung.
Percutaneous lung biopsy is considered a safe and effective method for obtaining a tissue diagnosis in patients with lung masses. Reported complications include pneumothorax, hemoptysis, air embolism, seeding of the biopsy tract, and death.
If you're worried because tests show that you have a lung nodule, keep in mind that the vast majority of pulmonary nodules aren't cancerous. In fact, only 3 or 4 in 100 of these small growths are cancerous.
You may need to take it easy at home for a day or two after the procedure. For 1 week, try to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities. These activities could cause bleeding from the biopsy site. It can take several days to get the results of the biopsy.
Nodules between 6 mm and 10 mm need to be carefully assessed. Nodules greater than 10 mm in diameter should be biopsied or removed due to the 80 percent probability that they are malignant.
In a lung biopsy, a pathologist examines the tissue removed from the suspicious growth under a microscope. He or she is able to use this information to help make a diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer or small cell lung cancer. There are a few ways that your doctor can do a biopsy.
However, your doctor may suspect a lung nodule is cancerous if it grows quickly or has ridged edges. Even if your doctor believes the nodule is benign or noncancerous, he or she may order follow-up chest scans for some time to monitor the nodule and identify any changes in size, shape or appearance.
Providers may be more worried about larger lung nodules and those that grow over time. If your nodule is large or is growing, you might need more tests to see if it's cancer. This might include imaging tests, such as CT and positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Another test might be a procedure called a biopsy.
Location. Location of nodules in the lung is another important predictor as nodules on the upper lobes are more likely to be malignant. Although etiology of this predilection is unclear, higher concentration of inhaled carcinogens could be a possibility.
Your Recovery
It is common to feel tired for 6 to 8 weeks after surgery. Your chest may hurt and be swollen for up to 6 weeks. It may ache or feel stiff for up to 3 months. For up to 3 months, you may also feel tightness, itching, numbness, or tingling around the cut (incision) the doctor made.
Biopsies are usually not recommended when nodules are small because it is very difficult to biopsy them safely. Doing a biopsy when a nodule is small can cause harm such as trouble breathing, bleeding, or infection. Biopsies are often done for nodules that are 9 mm or larger.
Yes, there are several types of benign lung tumors. Tumors that are generally larger than three centimeters (1.2 inches) are called masses. If your tumor is three centimeters or less in diameter, it's commonly called a nodule.
How are lung nodules managed or treated? Small, noncancerous lung nodules don't usually require treatment. You may need treatments, such as antibiotics or antifungal medications, if you have an infection. If the nodule grows, causes problems or is cancerous, you may need surgery.
Positron emission tomography (PET) scan: The PET scan will light up the nodule if it is rapidly growing or active. The brighter the nodule appears on the PET scan, the more likely that it is cancer. The PET scan also looks at the rest of the body and can identify if the cancer has spread.
If lung nodules are large or malignant, they may cause symptoms, including: Chronic cough. Blood-tinged sputum. Shortness of breath.