You know it's colic when a healthy baby cries intensely for over 3 hours/day, 3+ days/week, for 3+ weeks, often in the evening, with inconsolable fits, and physical signs like a red face, clenched fists, or drawing legs up, but they're otherwise fine and feed well. It's defined by this pattern, but always see a doctor to rule out illness, especially if you notice fever, poor feeding, or changes in stool/vomiting.
Symptoms of colic
All babies cry, but your baby may have colic if they cry more than 3 hours a day, 3 days a week for at least 1 week but are otherwise healthy. They may cry more often in the afternoon and evening. It may also be colic if, while they are crying: it's hard to soothe or settle your baby.
The "Colic 333 Rule" is a common guideline for identifying colic in a healthy, well-fed baby: crying for more than 3 hours a day, for more than 3 days a week, for more than 3 weeks. While it's a helpful way to recognize persistent, intense crying spells, it's not a strict diagnosis, and you don't need to wait three weeks to seek help if you're concerned. Colic usually peaks around 6 weeks and lessens by 3-4 months, but it's important to rule out other issues with a doctor.
Colic often begins suddenly, with loud and mostly nonstop crying. This constant, extreme crying can be very stressful and difficult for parents. Babies with colic are often fussy, gassy, and don't sleep well.
Giving your baby a warm bath. Rubbing your infant's tummy or placing your baby on the tummy for a back rub. Playing an audio of heartbeats or quiet, soothing sounds. Providing white noise by running a white noise machine, a vacuum cleaner or clothes drier in a nearby room.
The exact cause of colic is unknown, but it's believed to stem from a combination of factors like an immature digestive or nervous system, gas, reflux, food intolerances (like cow's milk protein), imbalances in gut bacteria, overfeeding, and even environmental stress or sensory overload, leading to intense, unexplained crying fits in otherwise healthy babies.
Causes of colic may include any of the following: Pain from gas. Hunger. Overfeeding.
Baby colic causes may include: Belly (abdominal) pain or discomfort from gas due to air swallowed while nursing or crying. Reflux (bringing up) of stomach contents. Food allergies.
Reflux. Reflux and colic are closely related and are often confused. Reflux can also be caused by oversupply and both are more often a problem when a baby is given large feeds with long gaps in between. A baby who has reflux often spits up milk and cries more when he is lying down or is in a car seat.
Best Sleeping Position for a Colic Baby: Flat on Their Back
Colic can sometimes be caused by gas and digestive discomfort, so taking steps to improve your baby's digestion before putting them to sleep on their back can allow for better-quality, longer sleep.
With the exception of three infants, the pacifier was successful in relieving the irritability and crying of the infant and in causing a cessation of the symptoms of colic.
When colic symptoms occur, fill provided measured oral dispenser up to 1/2 teaspoon and dispense slowly, drop-by-drop into mouth between cheek and gums. A measured dispenser such as the NumiMed that we offer (or the like) can also be used in place of the blue dropper, to administer Colic Calm.
Mainly, colic is defined as crying for three or more hours a day, three or more days a week, for three or more weeks. But you don't have to wait three weeks to seek help. Features of colic may include: Loud, hard crying that may sound like screaming or being in pain.
Spotting the difference between colic and gas involves paying attention to patterns. Colic tends to show up as intense crying around the same time each day, happening at least three times a week for a minimum of three weeks. Gas, though it may cause fussiness, lacks the predictable rhythm of colic cries.
TAKEAWAY Excessive crying and fussiness can be distressing for both you and your baby. Fortunately, colic symptoms typically improve by the age of 3 months, so it will get better. While gripe water has not been shown to be a definitively effective alternative for soothing colicky babies, it is generally safe.
Babies with restricted oral movement often swallow air, struggle to feed, and end up with gas and reflux-like symptoms. These can closely mimic colic — leaving parents feeling helpless and frustrated.
Sometimes babies may have signs of reflux but will not bring up milk or be sick. This is known as silent reflux.
Symptoms of colic
The "Colic 333 Rule" is a common guideline for identifying colic in a healthy, well-fed baby: crying for more than 3 hours a day, for more than 3 days a week, for more than 3 weeks. While it's a helpful way to recognize persistent, intense crying spells, it's not a strict diagnosis, and you don't need to wait three weeks to seek help if you're concerned. Colic usually peaks around 6 weeks and lessens by 3-4 months, but it's important to rule out other issues with a doctor.
Colic typically starts when babies are about 3 weeks old, with extended periods of crying in the evening, between 6 p.m. and midnight. The long crying spells usually end when the baby is about 3 months old, though some babies continue to have crying spells until they are 6 months old.
When fed too much, a baby may also swallow air. This can produce gas, increase discomfort in the belly, and lead to crying. An overfed baby also may spit up more than usual and have loose stools. Although crying from discomfort is not colic, it can make crying more frequent and more intense in an already colicky baby.
The "4-4-4 rule" for breast milk is a simple storage guideline: fresh milk is good for 4 hours at room temperature (up to 77°F/25°C), for 4 days in the refrigerator (39°F/4°C or colder), and up to 4-6 months (or longer) in a standard freezer (0°F/-18°C). It's a handy mnemonic, though some organizations like the CDC recommend up to 6 months in the freezer and the AAP up to 9 months, with deeper freezers offering even longer storage.
Signs of overfeeding a baby include frequent spitting up/vomiting, fussiness, gassiness, a tight belly, and changes in stool (loose, green, frothy, or explosive). While babies often know when they're full (turning away, falling asleep), signs of overfeeding often involve discomfort and digestive issues, sometimes with rapid weight gain or a very full, hard tummy, especially if fed past fullness cues.
The hardest weeks with a newborn are generally the first 6-8 weeks, characterized by extreme sleep deprivation, feeding challenges (breast or bottle), overwhelming emotions, and adapting to constant demands, with crying often peaking around weeks 4-8 as the baby's immature systems mature, making the first few weeks a chaotic but temporary adjustment period before routines emerge and things gradually get easier.