Yes, lice can still be alive after a single treatment because most chemical treatments don't kill all the eggs (nits), so a repeat treatment is crucial after 7-10 days to catch newly hatched lice; if you see live, moving lice after the first treatment, it indicates the product didn't work or wasn't used correctly, requiring a different product or method.
It takes time to kill all the lice. Use a fine comb to remove any dead or remaining live lice from the hair. If, 8 – 12 hours after treatment, you do not find any dead lice, or the lice seem as active as before treatment, the medicine may not be working. Talk to your healthcare provider before re-treating.
Head lice during pregnancy and breastfeeding can be treated with pediculicides including permethrin, malathion, and ivermectin. There are studies providing evidence that these agents do not increase the risk of birth defects.
Head lice are passed from one person to another by direct head to head contact, (friends whispering to each other, goodnight cuddles etc.), and therefore can spread easily. It is possible that they can be spread by the sharing of hats, combs and brushes. Head lice do not live in bedding, clothing or furniture.
If done properly, the first treatment will defeat all live lice, including the mommies or egg-laying lice, making the person no longer contagious.
Incubation period: 7 to 12 days from laying to hatching of eggs. Lice can reproduce about 2 weeks after hatching if they are getting their blood meals from the scalp. Contagious period: Until live lice are no longer present.
Lice are most often spread by head-to-head contact with another person who has lice, such as sleeping in the same bed. Although they do not survive long away from a human host, lice may also be spread by wearing another person's hat or clothing, or by using another person's comb, brush, or bedding.
Exposing lice and nits to temperatures above 125 degrees F for 10 minutes is lethal. Most personal articles of clothing and bedding can be disinfested by machine washing in hot water or machine drying for at least 20 minutes using the hot cycle.
Symptoms include a tickling feeling of something moving in the hair, itching caused by allergic reaction to the bites, irritability, difficulty sleeping (head lice are most active at night), and sores on the head caused by scratching.
The CDC also advises against sharing hairbrushes. Adult head lice can survive for 2 days and nits for around 1 week on a hairbrush. Soaking combs or hairbrushes in hot water of at least 130°F (54.4°C) for 5–10 minutes will kill any lice and nits.
Transmission of head lice
Head lice are thought to be spread mainly through direct head to head (hair to hair) contact (9,10). Lice do not hop or fly but can crawl at a rapid rate (23 cm/min under natural conditions) (8).
Smothering agents: There are several common home products that may kill lice by depriving them of air and smothering them. These products include petroleum jelly (Vaseline), olive oil, butter, or mayonnaise. Any of these products may be applied to the scalp and hair, covered with a shower cap, and left on overnight.
The only things that need to be cleaned are items that have been in contact with the hair of the person with lice. It is important to wash their linens, clothing, combs, brushes in hot water (130 degrees) and to dry things in high heat, but that's about all that is necessary.
Lice eggs, called nits, look like tiny, oval white or yellow spots stuck on hair close to the scalp. Adult lice are tiny insects that can look tan, gray, white, or reddish-brown. To find lice, use a nit comb or fine-toothed comb to look through sections of hair.
While a hair dryer can help dehydrate lice eggs (nits) and make life uncomfortable for live lice, it's far from a guaranteed knockout. Lice are clingy, stubborn, and annoyingly good at surviving in tough conditions (think of them as tiny survivalists with built-in grappling hooks).
Head lice most often spread from one person to another by head-to-head contact. This often happens within families or among children who have close contact with each other.
Common black bugs found in hair besides lice include fleas, bed bugs, gnats, and other small flying insects. Each has distinct characteristics and requires different treatment approaches.
It's not something we like to think about, but for some people, the mere mention of head lice can trigger intense anxiety, panic attacks, and overwhelming fear. This condition, known as pediculophobia, affects more people than you might realize.
Look for lice crawling on the scalp where the hair is parted or on the hair shaft. The lice will be dark in color and the size of a poppyseed. Look for nits near hair follicle about ¼ inch from scalp. Nits (eggs) will be white or yellowish-brown.
The medicine may not kill the newest eggs. So a second treatment at the right time to kill nymphs may be needed. Depending on the medicine you use, most often you treat again 7 to 10 days after the first treatment.
Pubic lice are different from the lice you may get on your head or body, so you won't find crabs on your scalp or skin. Conversely, you won't find head lice in your pubic area. However, pubic lice can live in other parts of your body that have coarse hair, including your: Armpits.
Treating the Environment:
Wash bedding and clothing in hot water (130°F) and then dry on the highest heat setting. Items that can't be washed in the washer can be dry–cleaned OR be placed in a sealed plastic bag for 2 weeks. Soak combs, brushes, hair barrettes/clips/ties in hot water (130°F) for 5-10 minutes.
Yes — as answered in question #1, informing other adults of children who have close contact (neighbors, sleepover friends, sports team friends, classmates, scouts etc.) will promote their early identification and treatment of lice too, and prevent the continued re-infestation of your own child and others.
Identify Your Symptoms
Most people don't experience itching until they've had lice for 4-6 weeks. If you just started itching, your infestation likely began at least four weeks ago. People who have had lice before may develop itching more quickly during subsequent infestations.
Head Lice Life Cycle
Without the warmth and blood of the human scalp, the lice life cycle is cut short as nits cannot hatch and usually die within a week. For this reason, the risk of your child getting re-infested from your couch is extremely low. So, parents, you can breathe a sigh of relief!