Most dogs are very gentle and good with children—even babies. Not all dogs can be trusted near children, however, and that's why you should always take precautions when bringing your dog near babies.
Most "normal" (non-rescue, non-abused) gently introduced dogs can and do sense that babies are harmless. They may be jealous, so introduce them gently, preferably on neither the dog nor the baby's home territory. That does not mean that the dog will leave the baby alone.
Dogs are gentle with children, and they can form strong bonds with them due to the time they spend together. If you think about it deeply, both a puppy and a baby share the common interest of playing and exploring their surroundings. If your dog and your child have grown up together, their bond is inseparable.
The Pack Mentality
Dogs naturally live in packs, and your canine companion will likely view your baby as another family member. As a result, your dog will probably see a baby as a baby dog and treat them with the same level of gentleness shown to other members of the pack.
A newborn brings a whole range of new smells and sounds into your home, and perhaps the most worrying is crying. Remember, your dog picks up on energy, and the energy that your baby is giving off while crying is anything but calm and assertive. Your dog may become distressed, too, whimpering, whining, and barking.
Introducing your dog to your new baby will be a gradual process requiring patience and consistency but it will be well worth it. Remember, NEVER LEAVE YOUR BABY AND DOG TOGETHER UNSUPERVISED, even if you trust your dog.
So, even though it may look cute, a dog licking a baby's face should not be allowed. In fact, I don't recommend it even for healthy adults. If your dog likes to give the adults in the family “kisses,” let them lick your hand and then immediately wash your hand thoroughly afterward.
For example, they can sense that a baby is vulnerable and harmless. You might see a dog sniff or lick a baby's face or rear end; don't let this behavior scare you as it's their way of checking the baby's health. These are things a mother dog does with her pups.
They are often more gentle, curious, and protective of infants. While dogs likely don't know a baby is a baby they are aware that babies are small, fragile, vulnerable and helpless. In fact, many dogs will be found mothering babies in the same way dogs would mother puppies.
Just like young children when told to leave something alone, dogs only become more curious. By allowing the dog to investigate, you reduce the new baby's likelihood becoming a “big deal” to the dog. Generally, dogs will want to sniff the baby and may nudge the baby with their nose or even lick the baby.
Research has shown that dogs perceive and respond to newborns in a different way than they do to adults. They have an innate ability to sense when a newborn is vulnerable, which triggers their protective instincts.
Dogs have great relationships with children and are often protective of them, so it comes as no surprise that they are just as protective of babies, if not more. This is definitely a behavioral trait that needs to be looked at a bit more closely.
The vast majority of dogs readily accept infants after an initial period of adjustment and curiosity. However, there are rare but highly publicized incidents involving serious injury of an infant by the family dog.
Just like an older sibling might experience jealousy with the arrival of a new baby in the house - dogs can experience that same emotion of envy as well, especially if they feel like they have to compete for your attention.
Kids and dogs can build extremely strong bonds over time. As a newborn, most of the interaction will be one-sided, but as your baby ages, it's important to give them opportunities to create a bond with your dog. This can come in the form of helping give treats, cuddles (with supervision), and going on walks together.
They Play Together. Over time, and as your pet realizes the baby isn't going anywhere, you might notice them sharing toys or playing together.
Dr. Barrack points out that changes at home will always have an effect on a dog. “Your dog is smart enough to pick up on these changes during pregnancy, both in a physical way — which is how your body will be changing, your stomach, your smell — and in an emotional way, such as your feelings and your mood,” she says.
When someone is pregnant, their body chemistry changes and that causes changes in odor. No matter how small of a change has taken place, your dog can smell it. Your dog has ultrasound-level hearing, too, so it's likely they can hear crying in the womb, which can happen as soon as the 28th week of pregnancy.
Instinct/Intuition: Our perceptive pets are more intelligent than what we often give them credit for. They are quite brilliant beings when it comes to detecting and acting on certain cues and subtleties in their environment. In this instance they are able to sense that a baby does not pose a threat to them.
It is hard to know what dogs think babies are, but dogs know babies are vulnerable and often will try to protect them. Dogs usually come to understand a baby is part of the family. Dogs are usually safe around babies, but you might have to supervise in the begining to make sure the dog can be trusted.
Just as the cries of a new baby may make a new parent anxious, they often have the same effect on dogs. This can cause anxiety-related behaviors such as chewing, toileting accidents, and sometimes aggressive behavior. There are things you can do, however, to minimize the stress your dog feels when your baby cries.
Dogs lick because they are nervous, to show dominance, or just because something, or someone, tastes good. None of these are reasons to encourage or condone your dog licking your baby. In addition, there are health hazards associated with your dog's baby-licking behavior.
"Because both dogs and children are unpredictable in their behaviors, it is not a good idea to establish a relationship with the family dog licking the child's face," he says. Dr. Leavey's final piece of advice: "When poochie wants to smooch, offer your hand—and then wash it thoroughly before doing anything else."
They're showing affection
Licking plays an important part of how they bond with others, causing them to release dopamine and endorphins that help make them feel relaxed, calm and happy.