World War II had severely damaged the British Empire in terms of economy. To cut their losses they were forced to relinquish many of their colonies.
Lesson Summary. India gained freedom from the British empire on August 15th, 1947. During this time, British India was divided into India and Pakistan. The main reasons behind the partition was British imperialism and the continuous religious conflict between the Hindus and the Muslims.
Answer and Explanation: The main reason that the British granted independence to India was the decades-long protest movement lead by Mahatma Gandhi. The second reason was the weakening of British military and economic power that occurred after World War II. India was granted independence in 1947.
Britain's revenge for being driven from its colony was to partition it into two separate states, India and Pakistan. Partition took place along religious lines. Areas with a Muslim majority became Pakistan, those with a Hindu majority became India.
The British Indian Army played a vital role in both World Wars. Years of nonviolent resistance to British rule, led by Mohandas GANDHI and Jawaharlal NEHRU, eventually resulted in Indian independence in 1947.
The final nail in the coffin of British rule in India came in the form of the 1946 Royal Indian Navy Mutiny. It showed the British that they were losing control of the local armed forces that were required to safeguard their presence in India and hence their position was no longer tenable.
It was argued that India was previously not one country at all, but a thoroughly divided land mass. It was the British empire, so the claim goes, that welded India into a nation. Winston Churchill even remarked that before the British came, there was no Indian nation. “India is a geographical term.
The Bengal famine stands as one of the single most horrific atrocities to have occurred under British colonial rule. From 1943 to 1944, more than three million Indians died of starvation and malnutrition, and millions more fell into crushing poverty.
Australia became a nation on 1 January 1901, when the British Parliament passed legislation enabling the six Australian colonies to collectively govern in their own right as the Commonwealth of Australia. It was a remarkable political accomplishment that had taken many years and several referenda to achieve.
Answer: The total number of years that the British ruled India comes out to approximately 89 years. After the battle of Plassey in 1757, the British established their dominance, which is also referred to as colonialism, in India. Before the British crown took control of India, the British East India Company did.
On 20 February, 1947, Clement Attlee, the then British Prime Minister, announced in the British Parliament's House of Commons that the British would leave India by 30 June, 1948.
The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain sparked a new desire for colonies to supply raw materials for British factories. India was known for its cotton and crops like indigo that are used to make cloth.
On 2 June 1947, the last Viceroy of India, Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten, announced that Britain had accepted that the country should be divided into a mainly Hindu India and a mainly Muslim Pakistan, encompassing the geographically separate territories of West Pakistan (now Pakistan) and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh ...
The First and Second World Wars
Both wars left Britain weakened and less interested in its empire. Although Great Britain emerged as one of the victors of World War II, it had been economically devastated by the conflict. The British Empire gradually gave way to the Commonwealth.
The last significant British colony, Hong Kong, was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1997. By then, virtually nothing remained of the empire.
Impact of British Rule – Negative Aspects
British mismanagement led to famines: The British rule placed more emphasis on the cultivation of cash crops rather than growing crops that would feed India's huge population. They imported food from other parts of the empire to feed its citizens.
Prior to British settlement, more than 500 First Nations groups inhabited the continent we now call Australia, approximately 750,000 people in total.
The Dutch first sighted Australia in 1606 before Captain Cook colonised the land for Great Britain in 1770. The First Fleet of 11 boats arrived at Botany Bay in 1788 to establish New South Wales as a penal colony (receiving convicts until 1848).
The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was in 1606 by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon on Australia's northern coast. Later that year, Spanish explorer Luís Vaz de Torres sailed through, and navigated, what is now called Torres Strait and associated islands.
Our research finds that Britain's exploitative policies were associated with approximately 100 million excess deaths during the 1881-1920 period. This is a straightforward case for reparations, with strong precedent in international law.
The Bengal famine was one of the worst humanitarian disasters of the 20th century and directly resulted from Churchill's policies. His refusal to provide aid and his diversion of food shipments away from India contributed to the deaths of millions of people.
According to economists it was because of the different policies in the two countries. Because of democracy, India responded to the food scarcity that China didn't. Also no large scale famine has ever taken place in an independent and democratic country.
By 1700, the Indian Subcontinent had become the world's largest economy, ahead of Qing China (whose economy was in ruins after transition from Ming to Qing) and Western Europe, containing approximately 24.2% of the world's population, and producing about a quarter of world output.
India was a densely populated country. India had roughly 25% of global population. Indian resources were already under pressure due to huge population and it didn't made much sense for British to settle in a very large number. British were more interested in looting India and taking money back.
Vasco da Gama's 1498 arrival in India established a sea route from Europe, and during the following centuries, the Dutch, British, Portuguese, and French would build settlements in port cities throughout the region.