The letter (Q) is the symbol that is used to represent rational numbers. Rational numbers are sometimes called fractions. They are numbers that can be written as the quotient of two integers.
Quantum calculus, sometimes called calculus without limits, is equivalent to traditional infinitesimal calculus without the notion of limits. It defines "q-calculus" and "h-calculus", where h ostensibly stands for Planck's constant while q stands for quantum.
1. Consider Q and Qc, the sets of rational and irrational numbers, respectively: x∈Q→x∉Qc, since a number cannot be both rational and irrational. So, the sets of rational and irrational numbers are complements of each other.
The q-value of is formally defined as. That is, the q-value is the infimum of the pFDR if is rejected for test statistics with values . Equivalently, the q-value equals. which is the infimum of the probability that is true given that. is rejected (the false discovery rate).
Z: Set of all integers. Q: Set of all rational numbers. R: Set of all real numbers.
In mathematics, a Q-matrix is a square matrix whose associated linear complementarity problem LCP(M,q) has a solution for every vector q.
Any trigonometric function (f), therefore, always satisfies either of the following equations: f(q) = a / b OR f(a / b) = q, where q is the measure of a certain angle in the triangle, and a and b are the lengths of two specific sides.
Q+ : the set of positive rational numbers. R+ : the set of positive real numbers.
Sine and cosine — a.k.a., sin(θ) and cos(θ) — are functions revealing the shape of a right triangle. Looking out from a vertex with angle θ, sin(θ) is the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse , while cos(θ) is the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse .
Q-matrix: the link between item responses and attributes. We define an m × k matrix Q = (Qij )m×k. For each i and j, Qij = 1 when item i requires attribute j and 0 otherwise.
In terms of relations, we can define the types of functions as: One to one function or Injective function: A function f: P → Q is said to be one to one if for each element of P there is a distinct element of Q. Many to one function: A function which maps two or more elements of P to the same element of set Q.
Given a vector space V, we define its dual space V∗ to be the set of all linear transformations φ:V→F. The φ is called a linear functional. In other words, φ is something that accepts a vector v∈V as input and spits out an element of F (lets just assume that F=R, meaning that it spits out a real number).
In English, φ is pronounced like "f" but transliterated (re-written) as "ph" in words which originate in Ancient Greek. In those words which originate in Modern Greek, such as feta cheese, φ is transliterated as "f". The letter Phi is used to represent the golden ratio (which is about 1.618).
∅ This symbol is used to denote the “empty set”. We assume that this set “exists”. Note that, for every x ∈ R, x /∈ ∅. Also note that ∅ ⊆ S for every set S.
ψ means the result/return value of the function/product.
The variable q represents the frequency of the recessive allele, y, for green pea pods. If p and q are the only two possible alleles for this characteristic, then the sum of the frequencies must add up to 1, or 100 percent. We can also write this as p + q = 1.
A relation from P to Q is a subset of P×Q.
The relation between p and q is represented by the equation p = q − 4.
The sequence of Fibonacci numbers Fn 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, ... is defined recursively as follows. One begins with F0 = 0, and F1 = 1. After that every number is defined to be sum of its two predecessors: Fn = Fn−1 + Fn−2for n ≥ 2.
The Q-Matrix (Kagan, 2008) is designed to help students in question writing and answering. The Q-Matrix includes 36 question stems arranged in a cognitive hierarchy. Stems 1–12 can generate literal questions, stems 13–24 can generate inferential questions, and stems 25–36 can generate evaluative questions.
The basic data specifying a continuous-time Markov chain is contained in a matrix Q = (qij), i, j ∈ S, which we will sometimes refer to as the infinitesimal generator, or as in Norris's textbook, the Q-matrix of the process, where S is the state set.
Biblical passages
One of the Ten Commandments is "thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour"; for this reason, lying is generally considered a sin in Christianity.
The letter "Ø" is sometimes used in mathematics as a replacement for the symbol "∅" (Unicode character U+2205), referring to the empty set as established by Bourbaki, and sometimes in linguistics as a replacement for same symbol used to represent a zero.