A classic case of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) involves intense fear of abandonment leading to frantic efforts to avoid it, creating a pattern of unstable, chaotic relationships marked by idealizing and devaluing others, coupled with severe mood swings, identity issues, chronic emptiness, impulsive self-destructive behaviors (like cutting, substance abuse, binge eating), and intense anger or paranoid thoughts, often stemming from difficulty regulating intense emotions and a distorted sense of self.
Instead of working with complex relationships or situations, for example, BPD splitting may cause a person to see them all as good or bad — idealizing them or devaluing them. An example would be a person with BPD cutting someone out of their life and then expressing feelings of abandonment.
Individuals with BPD often experience intense and rapidly shifting emotions, have difficulty regulating their emotions, and engage in impulsive behavior, including recurrent self-harm and suicidality.
First, people with BPD are characterized by a biological vulnerability to experience intense emotions (i.e., affective instability), which includes (a) greater reactivity to internal and external stimuli, (b) stronger emotional intensity, and (c) slower return to a baseline level of emotional arousal.
People with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) "split" (use black-and-white thinking) as a defense mechanism to manage overwhelming, conflicting emotions, especially fear of abandonment, by seeing people or situations as entirely "good" or "bad" rather than integrating complex realities, providing temporary relief from intense anxiety and emotional pain. It's a way to simplify a confusing world and protect themselves from perceived threats, but it often leads to unstable relationships and self-image.
Why BPD Symptoms Peak in Early Adulthood. In the 20s, identity formation and independence conflict with emotional vulnerability. Research shows impulsivity and mood swings occur most frequently between the ages of 18-25.
The "3 C's of BPD" typically refer to advice for loved ones of someone with Borderline Personality Disorder, reminding them: "I didn't cause it, I can't cure it, I can't control it," to help set boundaries and avoid taking on undue responsibility for the person's actions or illness. Another set of "C's" describes core BPD traits for individuals: Clinginess (fear of abandonment), Conflict (intense relationships/moods), and Confusion (unstable self-image).
BPD Meltdown
During a meltdown, people may experience extreme mood swings, impulsivity, and difficulty calming down. Understanding how BPD contributes to meltdowns is crucial for developing coping strategies and providing support to manage and navigate these overwhelming emotional experiences.
Yes, people with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) can absolutely live normal, stable, and fulfilling lives, especially with effective treatment like therapy, which helps them manage symptoms and develop coping skills, leading to significant improvement or even remission, though "normal" might look different and require ongoing self-care and support. While BPD is a lifelong condition, symptoms often lessen with age, and with the right strategies, individuals can achieve long-term recovery and a high quality of life.
People with borderline personality disorder have a strong fear of abandonment or being left alone. Even though they want to have loving and lasting relationships, the fear of being abandoned often leads to mood swings and anger. It also leads to impulsiveness and self-injury that may push others away.
Empathy and compassion – People with BPD experience greater internal and external turmoil. However, this in turn allows for the ability to recognise and have greater insight for others in similar situations.
Some common warning signs include intense and rapidly changing emotions, often triggered by seemingly minor events. Individuals with BPD may exhibit impulsive behaviors such as substance abuse, binge eating, or reckless driving.
Treatment for BPD may involve individual or group psychotherapy, carried out by professionals within a community mental health team (CMHT). The goal of a CMHT is to provide day-to-day support and treatment, while ensuring you have as much independence as possible.
To tell if someone has Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), look for patterns of intense mood swings, unstable relationships, a distorted self-image, chronic emptiness, impulsivity, intense anger, fear of abandonment, self-harm, and stress-related paranoia or dissociation; a diagnosis requires a mental health professional to assess at least five of these core symptoms, which often overlap with other conditions, making professional evaluation crucial.
In biographer and journalist Sally Bedell Smith's otherwise thoroughly researched, well-written life of Diana, Princess of Wales, DSM-IV is put to questionable use. "While one cannot say with certainty that Diana had a borderline personality disorder, the evidence is compelling," the author writes.
People with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) are triggered by intense emotions, particularly fear of abandonment, rejection, and invalidation, often stemming from past trauma, leading to reactions like sudden anger or self-harm when feeling criticized, alone, or facing instability, sudden changes, or perceived neglect, according to sources like Borderline in the ACT. Common triggers include relationship conflicts, cancelled plans, perceived or real abandonment, reminders of trauma, or unmet needs like sleep, disrupting their fragile sense of self and emotional regulation.
A person with BPD fluctuates between calm and anger, happiness and sadness, affection and coldness, and empathy and anger. Their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors can change at any time. Their powerful emotions can be provoked by any incident, regardless of its seeming insignificance.
Don't…
9 Signs of Borderline Personality Disorder (You Need to Know)
Common symptoms of BPD psychosis include: Visual hallucinations. Gustatory hallucinations (strange or unpleasant tastes) Olfactory hallucinations (smells and aromas that aren't actually present) Tactile hallucinations (feeling someone or something touching a person's skin or beneath the skin)
Sexual, physical or emotional abuse or neglect.
Individuals with BPD tend to have significant difficulties with relationships, especially with those closest to them, including parents, siblings, and romantic partners. Loved ones are often left feeling confused, helpless, and abused because of the erratic behavior exhibited by a person with BPD.
5 Positive Traits of Borderline Personality Disorder