TRILLIUM LUTEUM Yellow trillium, with its lance-shaped, greenish to light yellow petals and large mottled leaves, is one of the most familiar species. Though many
The white trillium flower has three white petals, elliptical shaped with pointed tips. As the plant matures, the petals turn pink. The flower is solitary and appears above the leaves. The flower stalk (peduncle) is 2 to 12 cm long.
Trillium cuneatum is a common species in the southeastern states, however color morphs and subtle structural differences make it very difficult to separate from several other less common species.
Trillium (Trillium grandiflorum)
Leaves & Twigs: Woodland plant, 10-40 cm tall. Three distinctive white petals form a single white flower up to 10 cm across. Flowers fade over time to a dull pinkish purple shade, and become slightly transparent. The greenish, round fruit forms a six-sided, berry-like capsule.
Traditional names for trilliums: Toadshade (for its resemblance to a toad-sized umbrella), Wakerobin (for its appearance with the first robins), and Birthroot (for its medicinal uses during childbirth).
The trillium flower symbolizes recovery, beauty and purity.
The Trillium species most often observed by citizen scientists is T. grandiflorum. The flower's common name, wake-robin, was the title of American naturalist and essayist John Burroughs's first essay collection, Wake-Robin.
The flowers come in many different sizes and colors, including white, pink, red, green, yellow, and white with colored veins. Leaves can be very tiny or very large, and solid green or very mottled. White trilliums turn pink toward the end of their life.
They are: White Trillium, Red Trillium, Painted Trillium, Drooping Trillium, and Nodding Trillium.
The Middlemist Red flower is probably the rarest flower in the world, and it can only be found in London and New Zealand. The Chinese botanist John Middlemist brought this plant to London in 1804. The flower, formerly thought to have disappeared from London, is no longer present in Asia.
The Middlemist Red is considered the rarest flower in the world. It is found in London and New Zealand, with only one specimen in each location. It used to be native to Asia but is now extinct on the continent. John Middlemist was responsible for bringing the flower to London in 1804.
Light: Trillium grow best in a partly-shaded, deciduous woodland habitat and along wet areas in the forest. The further South they grow, the more shade they will require. Soil: Trillium grow well in fertile, moist, but well-drained soil that's high in organic matter.
Trillium is edible for medicinal purposes, mostly as a diuretic and an antiseptic. The young leaves have a pleasant flavor – a bit on the nutty side. But roots and berries are toxic and can cause vomiting. The best advice from experts suggests avoiding consumption.
Trillium has a history of use for various gynecological conditions and for controlling postpartum bleeding. Trillium may have a role in topical control of bleeding and provide relief from insect bites and skin irritations.
Trillium, also called wood lily or wake-robin, is admired for its 3½-inch-diameter three-petal flowers. Its leaves and sepals also come in groups of three.
Pale yellow trillium flowers have a spicy or sweet, clove-like smell, suggesting that they are pollinated by insects that are attracted to sweet fragrances (bees) and spicy smells (beetles).
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The smell that gave rise to some of those names resembles rotting flesh, which attracts carrion flies -- one of the plant's main pollinators. The color of the red trillium petals also resembles meat, so the combination is sure to draw in those important insects. Not all species of trillium have such distinctive odors.
Trillium grandiflorum (Trillium – from the Latin tri referring to the flower parts occurring in threes, and llium from the Latin liliaceous referring to the funnel-shaped flower and grandiflorum – from the Latin grandis – great, large and Flora - goddess of flowers) referring to the large white flower.
Trillium species are native to temperate regions of North America and Asia, with the greatest diversity of species found in the southern Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern United States.
Above: After Trillium grandiflorum has been pollinated, its petals turn pink to signal to insects that they may move on.
Western white trillium falls within the pedicillate group of trilliums. It sports a large white flower above the leaves that often changes to pink, purple, and even red with age!
Common Name(s): Blue Ridge Trillium.
Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) has either one or two leaves per plant. Each leaf is compound and has three leaflets. The Jack-in-the-pulpit leaf looks very much like Trilliums such as the White trillium (Trillium grandiflorum) which has three distinct leaves (not leaflets) at the top of the plant.