There is no single known cause of hemihyperplasia, but genetic factors can play a role. Hemihyperplasia is a congenital overgrowth disorder, meaning a child is born with it.
Hemihyperplasia affects children, both boys and girls. It's a congenital condition, meaning it's present at birth. Sometimes it's diagnosed at birth. Other times, it's not diagnosed until the child grows, and size differences become more apparent.
For example, a child with hemihyperplasia might only show subtle differences in size between the two sides of their face. With time, overgrowth will be more noticeable. It could interfere with daily activities like eating, chewing, and breathing.
Another large study [5] looked at 860,000 inpatient records and found a total of 10 cases with congenital asymmetry, suggesting that the prevalence for hemihyperplasia is approximately 1 in 86,000.
Hemihyperplasia can occur by itself (isolated), or it can be one of several characteristics of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome or another genetic syndrome. It can be diagnosed at birth or appear later in childhood, and can follow an irregular growth pattern.
Vascular anomalies in the affected limbs are common in congenital hemihypertrophy, and neurological abnormalities and hypertrophy of the brain have been reported.
Hemihypertrophy (or hemihyperplasia) refers to asymmetric growth of single or multiple organs or regions of the body. It can be a feature of certain genetic syndromes (such as BWS, Proteus syndrome, and neurofibromatosis type 1) but also may occur in isolation without an underlying syndrome.
Hyperplasia presents as an isolated finding or in association with several syndromes like Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome, Proteus syndrome, Russell silver syndrome, and Sotos syndrome.
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is a condition that affects many parts of the body. It is classified as an overgrowth syndrome, which means that affected infants are larger than normal (macrosomia), and some may be taller than their peers during childhood.
Hemihypertrophy is a rare clinical presentation of Cushing's disease.
Due to the difference in hip positions, hip joints and hips muscle develop differently from side to side. Future skills, such as learning to stand, may develop asymmetrically, as these children prefer to use one leg over the other.
Lots of people have different-sized hands, feet, arms, and breasts. The causes of minimal asymmetries are usually totally benign and more novel than concerning. More rarely, larger discrepancies of certain body parts may point to actual identifiable conditions that warrant diagnosis and treatment by a physician.
Hemihyperplasia is often an isolated condition, which means it occurs without other problems, but children with hemihyperplasia also have an increased risk of benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) tumors. Most commonly, these tumors are found in the kidneys.
Children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and isolated hemihypertrophy are at an increased risk of developing certain cancers during childhood. The risk of developing cancer is estimated to be 5 to 10 percent, but that risk may vary depending on the specific genetic cause of the child's condition.
Surgery to correct limb lengths can be done by lengthening the shorter leg using an external fixator or, if the bone is large enough, an internal lengthening nail. Surgery could also be performed to slow or stop the growth of the longer leg.
Hemihypertrophy, also referred to as hemihyperplasia, is a condition in which one side of the body or a part of one side of the body is larger than the other. Hemihypertrophy is related to several congenital syndromes including Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Russell-Silver syndrome.
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a congenital growth disorder, which means it's present at birth. BWS has various signs and symptoms, including a large body size at birth and taller-than-average height during childhood, a large tongue, and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
Abstract. Hemifacial hyperplasia is a rare developmental anomaly characterized by marked unilateral facial tissues. It involves orofacial soft tissues, bones of the face, and teeth. The cause remains ambiguous although several predisposing factors have been reported.
Children with hemihypertrophy may also develop scoliosis, a curvature of the spine. Hemifacial hyperplasia is believed to be a minor form of hemihypertrophy.
Mothers of children with BWS may have pregnancy complications, including premature delivery and polyhydramnios, meaning excess amniotic fluid. An unusually large placenta and long umbilical cord may also occur. The increased growth rate generally slows during childhood.
Isolated hemihyperplasia, formerly termed isolated hemihypertrophy, is a congenital overgrowth disorder associated with an increased risk for embryonal tumors, mainly Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma.
Whereas simple hemihyperplasia involves a single limb, complex hemihyperplasia involves half of the body including at least one arm and one leg. Involvement of one side of the face is referred to as hemifacial hyperplasia. Estimates of the incidence of hemihyperplasia vary from 1 in 13,000 to 1 in 86,000 live births.
Collapse Section. WAGR syndrome is a disorder that affects many body systems and is named for its main features: Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and a range of developmental delays. People with WAGR syndrome have a 45 to 60 percent chance of developing Wilms tumor, a rare form of kidney cancer.
Hemihypertrophy, also called hemihyperplasia, is a greater-than-normal asymmetry between the right and left sides of the body. This difference can be in just one finger; just one limb; just the face; or an entire half of the body.