Types of Urologic Cancers Doctors diagnose close to 71,000 people in the United States with bladder cancer each year. Renal (kidney) cancer forms in the small tubes that clean the blood of the kidneys. Renal pelvis cancer is a rare form of this disease.
Bladder cancer grows mainly in the lining of the bladder. It affects nearly 71,000 men and women in the United States each year. Renal (kidney) cancer affects more than 49,000 men and women in the U.S. each year.
Bladder cancer. Kidney (renal) cancer.
There are many types of urological cancer . Some types can be experienced by both men and women, such as bladder and kidney cancer, and others are gender specific, such as testicular cancer for men and vaginal cancer for women.
Urothelial carcinoma, also known as transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), is by far the most common type of bladder cancer. In fact, if you have bladder cancer it's almost always a urothelial carcinoma. These cancers start in the urothelial cells that line the inside of the bladder.
In general, bladder cancers that are muscle invasive and/or have high-grade cells are the most serious and aggressive. The less common types of bladder cancer such as squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma have a greater tendency to be muscle invasive compared to urothelial carcinoma.
The most common type of bladder cancer is urothelial bladder cancer. This is also called transitional cell bladder cancer. There are some rarer types. These include squamous cell bladder cancer, adenocarcinoma, sarcoma and small cell bladder cancer.
Stage 0is (also called carcinoma in situ) is a flat tumor on the tissue lining the inside of the bladder. Stage 0 refers to noninvasive bladder cancer. This means that cancer cells are found in tissue lining the inside of the bladder but have not invaded the bladder wall.
97% for carcinoma in situ of the bladder alone (abnormal cells found in the tissue lining the inside of the bladder) 71% for localized bladder cancer (cancer is in the bladder only) 39% for regional bladder cancer (cancer has spread beyond the bladder to nearby lymph nodes or organs)
Urothelial carcinoma (also called transitional cell carcinoma) is cancer that begins in the urothelial cells, which line the urethra, bladder, ureters, renal pelvis, and some other organs. Almost all bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas.
While the majority of bladder tumors are cancerous, there are benign bladder tumors. Some of these benign tumors have a similar appearance to malignant tumors, so the role of biopsy remains very important. Some examples of benign bladder tumors include a bladder papilloma and a nephrogenic adenoma.
Cancer of the renal pelvis/ureter (the ureter is the tube connecting the kidney to the bladder; the part of the kidney where it attaches is called the renal pelvis) Cancer of the pancreas. Cancer of the larynx (voice box) Esophageal cancer.
Rarer forms of bladder cancer include: Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for about 1 percent to 2 percent of bladder cancers diagnosed in the United States. Squamous cells look similar to the flat cells on the surface of the skin. Almost all squamous cell carcinomas of the bladder are invasive.
If bladder cancer runs in your family or you're concerned about this disease, you should know this one important fact: This type of cancer is highly treatable when diagnosed in the early stages.
Can bladder cancer go undetected for years? If symptoms such as blood in the urine and changes in urinary habits are ignored by an individual and/or repeatedly misdiagnosed, it's possible that bladder cancer may not be detected for months or, in some cases, even years.
When bladder cancer spreads, it first invades the bladder wall, which is made up of four distinct layers. It can take some time for cancer to penetrate all of these layers, but once it has, it can then spread into the surrounding fatty tissues and lymph nodes.
Risk of bladder cancer
About 9 out of 10 people with this cancer are over the age of 55. The average age of people when they are diagnosed is 73.
The 5-year relative survival rate for bladder cancer in the United States is 77%. The survival rates for bladder cancer vary based on several factors. These include the stage of cancer, a person's age and general health, and how well the treatment plan works.
CT Scans. A CT scan uses X-rays and a computer to create three-dimensional, cross-sectional pictures of the bladder, as well as the ureters and kidneys. A CT scan may be used to see whether bladder cancer has invaded the bladder wall or has spread to other organs or nearby lymph nodes.
Among patients over 85 years of age, the survival rate was only 40.0%, much lower than the 83.4% among young patients (≤54 years old). Among bladder cancer patients aged over 85 years, the proportion of deaths from other causes was greater than the deaths from this cancer (32.5% vs 27.5%) (Table 1).
One type of urine test that can find out whether there is cancer is cytology, a test in which the urine is studied under a microscope to look for cancer cells (see Diagnosis for more information). Sometimes when the first symptoms of bladder cancer appear, the cancer has already spread to another part of the body.