Some symptoms, such as fatty stools and chronic diarrhea, or evident anemia and muscle wasting, are highly suggestive of malabsorption and malnutrition. Other cases may be more subtle. Your healthcare provider will follow up with appropriate tests to narrow down the causes of your distress.
Diagnosis and Tests
They include: Stool test: Too much fat in your stool could mean malabsorption. Lactose hydrogen breath test: A doctor can see how well you absorb nutrients by measuring how much hydrogen is in your breath after you drink a milk sugar (lactose) solution.
Malabsorption is difficulty in the digestion or absorption of nutrients from food. Malabsorption can affect growth and development, or it can lead to specific illnesses.
When there is inadequate absorption of fats in the digestive tract, stool contains excess fat and is light-colored, soft, bulky, greasy, and unusually foul-smelling (such stool is called steatorrhea). The stool may float or stick to the side of the toilet bowl and may be difficult to flush away.
Chronic diarrhea is the most common symptom and is what usually prompts evaluation of the patient. Steatorrhea—fatty stool, the hallmark of malabsorption—occurs when > 7 g/day of fat are excreted. Steatorrhea causes foul-smelling, pale, bulky, and greasy stools.
Multiple stool studies can be performed to evaluate any patient with malabsorption particularly when it manifests as diarrhea. The patient is asked to ingest at least 80gm of fat per day, and stools are collected for 1–3 days. The total amount of fat excreted in the stool is determined in the laboratory.
Phytates (phytic acid) in whole grains, seeds, legumes, some nuts—can decrease the absorption of iron, zinc, magnesium, and calcium. [2,3] Saponins in legumes, whole grains—can interfere with normal nutrient absorption. Tannins in tea, coffee, legumes—can decrease iron absorption.
Probiotics could help maintain a eubiotic environment, correct dysbiosis, and ameliorate nutrient malabsorption issues within the SI.
(12) This gives your body more time to process and absorb key nutrients. Some of the best sources of fiber include dark green, leafy vegetables; whole grains, such as steel-cut oatmeal, sprouted whole grain bread, and quinoa; and legumes, such as kidney beans, pinto beans or black beans.
It has been known for a long time that malignant lymphomas may cause a malabsorption syndrome which fully resembles idiopathic steatorrhoea [18].
The Malabsorption Blood Test (MBT), consisting of pentadecanoic acid (PA), a free fatty acid and triheptadecanoic acid (THA), a triglyceride that requires pancreatic lipase for absorption of the heptadecanoic acid (HA), was developed to assess fat malabsorption in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and pancreatic ...
Treatment may include diet changes and supplements. If left untreated, malabsorption syndrome can cause complications like a weak immune system, nutrient deficiencies, and osteoporosis.
Absorption can occur through five mechanisms: (1) active transport, (2) passive diffusion, (3) facilitated diffusion, (4) co-transport (or secondary active transport), and (5) endocytosis.
Fat malabsorption
Fatty stools are greasy and runny and particularly smelly. They may be light-colored and float.
Fatty poops are different from normal poops. They tend to be looser, smellier and paler in color, like clay. They might float. You might have an occasional fatty poop after eating a fatty meal.
Vitamin B12 and folate levels may also be used to screen for malabsorption. There are numerous causes of folate and B12 deficiency, and since the deficiencies often occur together and cause similar types of anemia, both must be measured to ensure proper diagnosis.