Hookworm infection is mainly acquired by walking barefoot on contaminated soil. One kind of hookworm can also be transmitted through the ingestion of larvae. Most people infected with hookworms have no symptoms. Some have gastrointestinal symptoms, especially persons who are infected for the first time.
Itching and a localized rash are often the first signs of infection. These symptoms occur when the larvae penetrate the skin. A person with a light infection may have no symptoms. A person with a heavy infection may experience abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, fatigue and anemia.
How long does it take for hookworms to show up in humans? Several weeks after exposure, you may begin experiencing symptoms such as loss of appetite and weight loss. 19 This can happen when the hookworms attach themselves to the intestines. However, most people with hookworm infections don't have any signs or symptoms.
The larvae in the contaminated soil or sand will burrow into the skin and cause the skin to become irritated in that area. For example, this can happen if a child is walking barefoot or playing in an area where dogs or cats have been (especially puppies or kittens).
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, hookworm infections occur in an estimated 576 to 740 million people worldwide. It mainly affects people in developing nations in the tropics and subtropics due to poor sanitation. These infections rarely occur in the United States.
Treatment of Hookworm Infection
Cutaneous larva migrans eventually goes away on its own. However, because symptoms can last 5 to 6 weeks, people are usually treated with albendazole once a day for 3 or 7 days or ivermectin as a single dose. These drugs eliminate the infection.
The standard method for diagnosing the presence of hookworm is by identifying hookworm eggs in a stool sample using a microscope. Because eggs may be difficult to find in light infections, a concentration procedure is recommended. For Healthcare Providers, Emergency Consultations, and General Public.
Hookworm infection is mainly acquired by walking barefoot on contaminated soil. One kind of hookworm can also be transmitted through the ingestion of larvae. Most people infected with hookworms have no symptoms. Some have gastrointestinal symptoms, especially persons who are infected for the first time.
Creeping eruption is a skin infection caused by hookworms. It can be caused by exposure to moist sand that has been contaminated by infected dog or cat stool. It appears as a winding, snakelike rash with blisters and itching. It may be treated with antiparasitic medicines.
Possible Complications
Health problems that may result from hookworm infection include: Iron deficiency anemia, caused by loss of blood. Nutritional deficiencies. Severe protein loss with fluid buildup in the abdomen (ascites)
There are several effective drugs, called anthelmintics, which will eliminate hookworms. Most are given orally and have few, if any, side effects. However, these drugs only kill the adult hookworms. "It is necessary to treat an infected dog again in about two to four weeks to kill newly developed adult worms..."
Hookworms will look like a thin string in your dog's feces, but you may not be able to seem them even if your dog has hookworms. It's important to take your dog in for an examination and bring the stool for proper examination.
Hookworm larvae pass in the feces (poop) of someone already infected with hookworm disease. If a person with hookworm disease poops outdoors, the larvae enter the soil. Using human feces as fertilizer can also contaminate the soil.
In definitive host infections, larvae can enter the tissues but in humans the larvae of most species of animal hookworm cannot penetrate beyond the dermis. The larvae of A. braziliense will migrate in the epidermis and cause CLM for several weeks before dying, after which lesions in the skin resolve spontaneously.
Most adult worms are eliminated in 1 to 2 years, but the longevity may reach several years. Some A. duodenale larvae, following penetration of the host skin, can become dormant (hypobiosis in the intestine or muscle). These larvae are capable of re-activating and establishing patent, intestinal infections.
There are two medications that can be used to treat the infection and manage the symptoms. The treatment of choice is diethylcarbamazine (DEC), which kills the microfilariae and adult worms. Albendazole is sometimes used in patients who are not cured with multiple DEC treatments.
If you're wondering how to get tested for hookworm online, check the following steps. You can order a stool test for ova and parasites online through Personalabs. Simply create an account and choose a lab provider (Quest or LabCorp).
Hookworms are intestinal parasites of the cat and dog. Their name is derived from the hook-like mouthparts they use to anchor themselves to the lining of the intestinal wall. They are only about 1/8" (2-3 mm) long and so small in diameter that they are barely visible to the naked eye.
Anthelminthic medications (drugs that rid the body of parasitic worms), such as albendazole and mebendazole, are the drugs of choice for treatment of hookworm infections. Infections are generally treated for 1-3 days. The recommended medications are effective and appear to have few side effects.
The larvae get into tissues such as muscle and brain, and form cysts there (these are called cysticerci). When cysts are found in the brain, the condition is called neurocysticercosis.
During the normal life cycle of hookworms, eggs are passed by adult females in dog or cat feces and hatch as larvae on the ground. In 1 to 3 weeks they become infective larvae. The infective larvae are found in shady, moist, sandy soil.
Infection can lead to chronic anemia, as well as permanently stunt the physical and intellectual development of infected children. Three species of hookworms can infect humans.
If your dog has hookworm, his bedding may contain hookworm larvae, which are transmitted through fecal matter that may be invisible to the eye.
Treating hookworms in dogs requires the intervention of a veterinarian who can prescribe your dog with a dewormer, or anthelmintic. These drugs are usually oral and come with few side effects, but they only kill the adult hookworms.