Overview. Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a condition that's characterized by episodes of sudden uncontrollable and inappropriate laughing or crying. Pseudobulbar affect typically occurs in people with certain neurological conditions or injuries, which might affect the way the brain controls emotion.
One of the most common, pseudobulbar affect , occurs in many conditions, including dementia, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and Parkinson's disease. It affects communication between the frontal lobe and cerebellum, causing inappropriate laughter.
Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a neurological condition involving involuntary, sudden, and frequent episodes of laughing or crying. It occurs secondary to neurological disease – meaning that PBA is caused by another disorder – and is most commonly found in patients with: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Pathological laughter and crying (PLC) is a condition defined by relatively uncontrollable episodes of laughter, crying or both. The episodes either do not have an apparent motivating stimulus or are triggered by a stimulus that would not have led the subject to laugh or cry prior to the onset of the condition.
Overview. Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a condition that's characterized by episodes of sudden uncontrollable and inappropriate laughing or crying. Pseudobulbar affect typically occurs in people with certain neurological conditions or injuries, which might affect the way the brain controls emotion.
Paradoxical laughter, aka pathological laughter, is related to pseudobulbar affect. Psychiatric or medical conditions can cause it. Schizophrenia is one psychiatric disorder in which pathological laughter occurs frequently. You may feel scared if you don't know why uncontrollable laughing occurs.
Childish behavior which occurs after a Traumatic Brain Injury results from a combination of changes including language/speaking deficits, impairments in the thinking process, and a focus on oneself. We generally do not expect the same conversational or behavioral response from a 6-year-old as we do from a 30-year-old.
In PBA, there's a disconnect between the frontal lobe (which controls emotions) and the cerebellum and brain stem (where reflexes are mediated). The effects are uncontrollable and can occur without an emotional trigger. Those with PBA have involuntary bouts of crying, laughter or anger.
Symptoms of Moderate or Severe TBI
Loss of vision in one or both eyes. Repeated vomiting or continued nausea. Slurred speech. Convulsions or seizures.
Long after the injury, MRI as well as CT may demonstrate brain atrophy, which results when dead or injured brain tissue is reabsorbed following TBI. Because injured brain tissue may not completely recover following TBI, changes due to TBI may be detectable many years after an injury.
Malicious non-Duchenne contexts condemn an individual laugher or a group of laughers for taking pleasure in the suffering of others. The inclusive variety of malicious laughter is best seen in slapstick and satire. In these cases an audience is incited to engage in laughter at the expense of another.
in an extremely excited way and without any control, often with crying or laughter. to laugh/cry/scream/sob hysterically. hysterically funny (= extremely funny, often so funny that it makes you cry with laughter)
Gelastic seizures is the term used to describe focal or partial seizures with bouts of uncontrolled laughing or giggling. They are often called laughing seizures. The person may look like they are smiling or smirking.
Some people consider PBA a psychiatric disorder (mental illness) since the observable emotional changes (laughing or crying) are associated with mood. However, since PBA results from damaged neurological circuitry in your brain, PBA is best classified as a neuropsychiatric syndrome.
One common post-stroke symptom is a neurological condition called pseudobulbar affect, or PBA for short. It causes uncontrollable laughing and crying, even in situations when it's completely inappropriate. And even though 53% of stroke survivors have reported PBA symptoms, less than 20% have heard of this disorder.
3. Aggressive Behavior. Perhaps the most common personality change after a head injury is increased aggression. Studies have shown that around 30% of traumatic brain injury patients report struggles with anger and aggressive behavior.
The cognitive effects of brain injury include attention and concentration problems, memory problems and difficulty with motivation and making decisions. This may mean that people with a brain injury become easily distracted, or experience information overload and be slower at taking in and making sense of information.
Apathy and loss of initiative
Some people may become passive, unresponsive and lacking in initiative after brain injury. They may appear unconcerned and even unaware of their difficulties, especially in the early stages of recovery.
The above-mentioned characteristics make the Joker's laughing episodes compatible at first sight with the pseudobulbar affect, a clinical entity characterized by episodes of exaggerated or involuntary expression of emotions, including uncontrolled laughing or crying.
From Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English hollow laugh/voice etca hollow laugh or voice makes a weak sound and is without emotion → hollow.