Spicy or greasy foods, whole grains, high-fiber fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds, caffeine, and alcohol can all be harder on your body during a flare-up.
In general though, you'll want to avoid processed foods that can trigger gut inflammation, and primarily follow a Mediterranean Diet of whole grains, vegetables, fruits, healthy fats, lean meats, fish, beans, and eggs.
A person with Crohn's disease may choose to avoid certain foods and drinks that can trigger or worsen a flare-up. Foods to avoid may include high fiber foods, spicy foods, some dairy products, and more. People living with Crohn's disease are subject to flare-ups. These are periods of inflammation.
According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, foods high in fiber and fat, dairy products, and carbonated beverages such as soda can trigger a flare-up. The best option is to stick to fresh fruits and vegetables, along with lean meats, says Dr. Sultan.
So much so, that a study in the February 2021 Inflammatory Bowel Diseases found that coffee had little to no association with Crohn's disease, though even those results were inconsistent. In either case, the high amount of caffeine in coffee can aggravate certain unpleasant Crohn's symptoms.
Do: Eggs. They're a quick, easy-to-digest breakfast choice. And they're a good source of high-quality protein. If you like them fried or scrambled, go light on fats like butter or oil.
Lisa Simon, RD, a registered dietitian in London, says there's a wide variety of healthy fats and we should encourage more people with Crohn's disease to eat foods such as avocados, nuts and seeds (unless your doctor says to be careful with these because of strictures), tahini, and extra-virgin olive oil.
No specific diet has been shown to prevent or treat IBD. However, some diet strategies help control symptoms.
Eating certain foods can sometimes help relieve the symptoms of a Crohn's flare-up. Refined grains, low fiber fruits, lean proteins, and yogurt are some options.
To help your body digest fibrous foods during a flare, the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation (CCF) recommends avoiding the skins of fruits and vegetables; raw produce, especially cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower; and high-fiber whole grains, and opt for low-fiber fruits such as bananas and melons.
Calming techniques like deep breathing or meditation may help you relax. Make sure you get enough exercise and sleep, too. And set limits on how much you take on. That way, you won't have too much to do when a flare hits and you don't feel well.
People with Crohn's disease experience flare-ups, during which symptoms like diarrhea, cramping, fever, fatigue, and joint pain are active. Flares can be triggered by factors like dietary changes, new medications, antibiotic use, stress, or infections.
Avoid high-fiber foods.
Fiber is essential to healthy digestion, but some people with Crohn's disease find that high-fiber foods, such as whole-wheat pasta or bread, and beans and other legumes, like chickpeas and lentils, can cause diarrhea and bloating during flares.
Yogurt Yogurt is a rich source of probiotics — “good bacteria” — and helps promote gut health. And unlike cow's milk and cheese, yogurt is a dairy product that is well tolerated by people with IBD.
Foods such as milk, cheese, and butter can exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms because they contain lactose, the naturally occurring sugar in dairy foods. You're more likely to have difficulty with dairy when you have Crohn's disease that involves the small intestine.
Yes, oatmeal is a safe food for most people with Crohn's disease in remission, during a flare, and with active disease. Oats and oatmeal are a great source of soluble fiber making them well tolerated by most people with Crohn's disease.
4. Probiotic foods like yogurt, kefir, aged cheeses, miso and real sourdough bread can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome, something that is altered in Crohn's disease.
Choose low fibre cereals such as cornflakes or Rice Crispies® (rather than high fibre cereals such as Bran Flakes®, Shredded Wheat® and Weetabix®). Choose white bread instead of granary or brown bread. Peel fruit before eating or have tinned or stewed fruit instead.
Foods that are high in soluble fibre and that may help reduce diarrhea include: oatmeal, oat bran, legumes (avoid in flare-up period), rice, rice cereals, potatoes, psyllium, squash, turnips, bananas, applesauce, mangoes, turnips, yams, carrots, corn meal, barley, white breads, papayas.
Certain high-fat foods can cause symptoms in some people with Crohn's disease, but you may be able to tolerate higher-fat protein sources like nut butters and whole eggs without issue. Nevertheless, most people with Crohn's disease opt for low-fat protein sources like: Lean poultry like chicken and turkey.
While doctors encourage most people to include plenty of high-fiber foods in their diet, the Crohn's sufferer should limit fiber intake to refined breads and pastas, low-fiber cereals, and fruits and vegetables that are easy to digest. This is especially true during a Crohn's flare up.