Babies cry while breastfeeding due to issues like fast or slow milk flow (frustration), low supply, reflux, congestion, discomfort (from a wet diaper, bad latch, trapped gas, or illness), tiredness, or being overstimulated/distracted as they get older. It's often a communication of needing more milk, less milk, a better position, or simply a break.
If you are about to feed and visitors arrive, or your phone is not next to you, or you are anticipating pain or a struggle feeding, you don't release the hormone oxytocin as quickly so the let-down is slower and the baby can get frustrated and pull away. This often leads to an upset baby and it can upset you too.
If your baby tends to cry during or after feeds, it's worth checking whether this could be reflux. Our guide to reflux in breastfed babies has information on the signs and symptoms. If you're not sure what's wrong, it's best to speak to your health visitor, call NHS 111 or see a GP to be sure.
A forceful letdown means the milk flows too rapidly for your baby to manage. They may gag, choke, cough, or clamp down on the nipple to slow the flow, often followed by quickly pulling off the breast and crying in distress. This is a primary reason for repeated unlatching during the first few minutes of a feed.
Feeding requires a lot of coordination for newborns - sucking, swallowing, and breathing. Afterward, your baby may feel tired or overstimulated, which can lead to crying. Swaddling, rocking, or using white noise can help ease them into rest.
Baby's fussing could mean “I'm not ready yet”. Perhaps the baby needs to burp or fill its nappy (or needs a nappy change) before he can relax and enjoy breastfeeding. Discomfort will distract him from feeding, and you may not realise what he needs to do until after the event!
Symptoms
The "4-4-4 rule" for breast milk is a simple storage guideline: fresh milk is good for 4 hours at room temperature (up to 77°F/25°C), for 4 days in the refrigerator (39°F/4°C or colder), and up to 4-6 months (or longer) in a standard freezer (0°F/-18°C). It's a handy mnemonic, though some organizations like the CDC recommend up to 6 months in the freezer and the AAP up to 9 months, with deeper freezers offering even longer storage.
Signs of overfeeding a baby include frequent spitting up/vomiting, fussiness, gassiness, a tight belly, and changes in stool (loose, green, frothy, or explosive). While babies often know when they're full (turning away, falling asleep), signs of overfeeding often involve discomfort and digestive issues, sometimes with rapid weight gain or a very full, hard tummy, especially if fed past fullness cues.
Here's where the two-finger trick can save the day. By gently lifting your nipple with your fingers, you can get it out of the way and give your baby time to gape before they latch. This gives them the right cues, buying you some extra time to help them open wide and get that deep latch you've been searching for.
The hardest months of breastfeeding are generally the first few weeks/months (newborn stage) due to latch issues, constant feeding, and sleep deprivation, and a challenging period around 3-6 months when babies become more distractible and fussy due to developmental leaps (growth spurts, wonder weeks). The first month is a steep learning curve as you establish supply, while the 3-6 month "crisis" involves big developmental changes that can make nursing seem difficult again, often linked to growth spurts and increased awareness, but these phases usually pass as you both learn and adapt.
The 7 key danger signs for newborns, often highlighted by organizations like the WHO, are not feeding well, convulsions, fast breathing, severe chest indrawing, lethargy/unconsciousness (movement only when stimulated), high or low temperature, and jaundice (yellow skin/soles) or signs of local infection like an infected umbilical stump, requiring immediate medical attention.
Signs your baby is getting enough milk
The 5-3-3 rule is a gentle sleep training method for older babies (often around 6 months) to reduce night feedings, suggesting you wait at least 5 hours for the first night feed after bedtime, then 3 hours for the next, and another 3 hours for any subsequent feeds, using other soothing techniques (shushing, patting) for earlier wakings to encourage self-soothing, rather than immediately feeding for comfort. It aims to differentiate hunger from comfort-seeking, but it's a guideline, not a strict mandate, and needs to be adapted to your baby's needs, ensuring they still get enough calories during the day, notes Momcozy and Reddit users.
On the flip hand, if your milk is flowing slowly, your baby might squirm and fuss because they're working harder to get enough milk. Gas Bubbles: Gas bubbles are what make your little one uncomfortable when feeding.
Switch feeding can help your baby actively feed for longer by taking advantage of the first stronger milk ejection. As your baby's jaw dropping movement slows, and before they go into a deep sleep, switch to the second breast for as long as they actively feed, and then return to the first again.
The hardest week with a newborn is often considered the first six weeks, especially weeks 2-3, due to extreme sleep deprivation, constant feeding demands, learning baby's cues, postpartum recovery, and a peak in inconsolable crying (the "witching hour"), making parents feel overwhelmed as they adjust to a new, exhausting routine. While the first week is tough, the challenges often intensify as the baby becomes more alert but still fussy, with major developmental hurdles like cluster feeding and increased fussiness peaking around 6-8 weeks.
Watch for signs that your baby is full (slowing down, spitting out the bottle or unlatching from breast, closing the mouth, turning away from the breast or bottle) and stop the feeding when these signs appear. As babies grow, they begin to eat more at each feeding and can go longer between feedings.
Breastfeeding is often seen as a natural safeguard against overfeeding, thanks to the baby's ability to self-regulate intake. However, even breastfed babies can occasionally take in more milk than their tiny tummies can handle, especially when bottles of expressed milk or oversupply are involved.
Breast milk does not need to be warmed. It can be served room temperature or cold.
At around 6 weeks, many moms introduce the pump and follow the Magic 8 method — pumping 8 times in 24 hours to help build and maintain milk supply.
At 4 months old, your baby's feeding schedule may start to space out naturally. You may notice longer stretches between nursing sessions—often every three to four hours—but feeding on demand is still important.
In some cases, yes—mild lip or tongue-ties can improve over time. As a child grows, their mouth and oral tissues develop, and the frenulum may stretch or become less restrictive. For instance: Mild tongue-ties may not cause feeding or speech difficulties and might loosen as a child grows, making treatment unnecessary.
If your baby struggles with oral function—such as with a tongue tie, high palate, or other oral anatomy challenges—certain styles of pacifiers can even be used therapeutically.
Colic doesn't always have a single answer, but tongue tie is an often-overlooked contributor to excessive crying and digestive discomfort. By addressing oral restrictions early, you can ease your baby's discomfort and reclaim calmer, happier days.