Infections caused by intestinal parasites are widespread causing significant problems in individuals and public health, particularly in developing countries, with a prevalence rate of 30-60.0% [1].
At times these parasites can even pose a greater threat to our bodies because many of them carry diseases. It is estimated that around 80% of both adults and children have parasites in their gut.
However, parasitic infections still occur in the United States, and in some cases, affect millions of people. Often they can go unnoticed, with few symptoms. But many times these infections cause serious illnesses, including seizures, blindness, heart failure, and even death.
Humans are the only known host, and about 209 million persons worldwide are infected. More than 30 percent of children worldwide are infected. Adult worms are quite small; the males measure 2 to 5 mm, and the females measure 8 to 13 mm.
Parasitic infections, as unpleasant as they sound, are much more common than you think. Often, they are to blame for the various health issues we suffer from. From digestive issues to post-traumatic stress disorder, a parasitic infection can affect your physical and mental health.
Should You Be Worried? “While it is widely acknowledged that infections with some parasites can cause significant complications, not all parasites are cause for concern. Some symptoms caused by parasites can clear up on their own, and individuals with a healthy immune system may not experience any symptoms.
There's a myth that intestinal parasites and parasitic diseases are rare and hard to contract. These microscopic hitchhikers are more common than you think, and they don't only affect your digestive tract. Symptoms of a parasite often manifest as gastrointestinal distress, but that's only the tip of the iceberg.
It's rare in the United States but may occur in the rural Southeast. Infection occurs from contaminated food or water. Adult worms can grow more than a foot long. Usually, they don't cause symptoms.
Signs and Symptoms
Parasites can live in the intestines for years without causing symptoms.
Eat more raw garlic, pumpkin seeds, pomegranates, beets, and carrots, all of which have been used traditionally to kill parasites. In one study, researchers found that a mixture of honey and papaya seeds cleared stools of parasites in 23 out of 30 subjects. Drink a lot of water to help flush out your system.
A stool ova and parasite, or O&P, test is a simple way of diagnosing parasite infections. This test determines whether parasites and their eggs are present in your stool. The stool O&P test is a common way to find out if you have parasites in your digestive tract.
You can get infected by: touching objects or surfaces with worm eggs on them – if someone with worms does not wash their hands. touching soil or swallowing water or food with worm eggs in it – mainly a risk in parts of the world without modern toilets or sewage systems.
Infections caused by intestinal parasites are widespread causing significant problems in individuals and public health, particularly in developing countries, with a prevalence rate of 30-60.0% [1].
About half the world's population (over 3 billion people) are in infected with at least one of the three worms forming what Columbia University parasitologist Dickson Despommier calls the "unholy trinity"—large roundworm, hookworm and whipworm.
Some parasitic infections disappear on their own, especially if your immune system is healthy and you eat a balanced diet. For parasites that don't go away on their own, your doctor will generally prescribe oral medication. This treatment is generally effective and proven to work.
But it was recently shown that the gut microbes that break down food can directly affect the production of another neurotransmitter (serotonin) in the colon and blood, which can then in turn affect communicative, anxiety-like and nerve-related (sensorimotor) behaviours.
Parasite infections can be a cause of mental illness through biological and socio-environmental paths. The inflammation caused by parasite infections affects the brain and CNS via the blood brain barrier, activation of the vagus nerve and immune cells.
For example, (i) parasites can hide away from the immune system by invading immune-privileged tissue such as the central nervous system or the eye (Bhopale 2003). Also some parasitoids place their eggs inside tissue such as the fat body that is not well patrolled by the host's immune system.
Take the correct dewormer
When infected with worms, it should be dewormed periodically, for adults and children over 2 years old should be dewormed 2 to 3 times a year, ie every 4 to 6 months.
A person with intestinal worms may not have any symptoms, but threadworms (Enterobius vermicularis), the most common worm infection in Australia, often do cause symptoms. A person with threadworms (also known as pinworms) may have an itchy bottom or redness and scratch marks around the bottom.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends periodic deworming of all children living in endemic areas once a year when the prevalence of soil-transmitted parasitic worms in the community is over 20 percent, and twice a year when it is over 50 percent.
British researchers have identified a protein that exists in some people's gut mucus that seems to be toxic to parasitic worms. Those with the protein are able to ward off infection, while those who lack the protein are more easily infected with the parasites, researchers said.
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a disease caused by parasitic worms. Although the worms that cause schistosomiasis are not found in the United States, people are infected worldwide. In terms of impact this disease is second only to malaria as the most devastating parasitic disease.
The most common intestinal protozoan parasites are: Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Cyclospora cayetanenensis, and Cryptosporidium spp.
While Australia is free from many serious human parasitic diseases there are some parasites that we often encounter and are forced to deal with: Head lice. Dog Hookworm. Paralysis tick.