Delusional disorder is a type of psychotic disorder. Its main symptom is the presence of one or more delusions. A delusion is an unshakable belief in something that's untrue. The belief isn't a part of the person's culture or subculture, and almost everyone else knows this belief to be false.
Delusional disorder, previously called paranoid disorder, is a type of serious mental illness called a psychotic disorder. People who have it can't tell what's real from what is imagined. Delusions are the main symptom of delusional disorder. They're unshakable beliefs in something that isn't true or based on reality.
The key feature of a delusion is the degree to which the person is convinced that the belief is true. A person with a delusion will hold firmly to the belief regardless of evidence to the contrary.
Common Themes of Delusions
There are a lot of different themes, but some show up more often than others: Persecution: This is based on the idea that a person or object is trying to hurt you or work against you. Infidelity: This involves unusual jealousy or possessiveness toward another person.
It is natural for delusions to feel completely real to you when you are experiencing them. You might think that you are a very important person. For example, you may believe that you are rich and powerful or that you can control the stock markets or the weather.
Most theorists agree on the first step, that delusions arise in the context of a delusional mood, an emotionally aroused state that makes the person hyperalert to threat. After that, some assume perception goes awry—something misheard or misperceived giving rise to increasing emotional upheaval and misinterpretation.
Psychotic disorders are severe mental disorders that cause abnormal thinking and perceptions. People with psychoses lose touch with reality. Two of the main symptoms are delusions and hallucinations.
Delusions are common to several mental disorders and can be triggered by sleep disturbance and extreme stress, but they can also occur in physical conditions, including brain injury or tumor, drug addiction and alcoholism, and somatic illness.
Persecutory type: This is one of the most common types of delusions and patients can be anxious, irritable, aggressive, or even assaultive - some patients may be litigious.
Let the person know that you recognise the feelings that can be evoked by the delusions. For example, you could say: 'It must feel very frightening to think that there is a conspiracy against you. ' Respond to the underlying feelings and encourage discussion of these rather than the content of the delusion.
Psychotic disorders can last for a month or less and only occur once, or they can also last for six months or longer.
Types of delusions include persecutory, erotomanic , grandiose , jealous, somatic, and mixed/unspecific.
The outlook varies. Although the disorder can go away after a short time, delusions also can persist for months or years. The inherent reluctance of a person with this disorder to accept treatment makes the prognosis worse.
Delusions. A delusion is where a person has an unshakeable belief in something untrue. A person with persecutory delusions may believe an individual or organisation is making plans to hurt or kill them. A person with grandiose delusions may believe they have power or authority.
When Is It Time to Walk Away? In some cases, the decision to leave is obvious. If physical abuse is present to any degree, and especially if the individual fears for their own life or well-being or that of their children, it's important to leave as soon as possible. Safety is the number one priority.
If a person is showing signs of psychosis, with severely impaired thinking or disorganized speech, Finkelstein says the ER is the right place. And if someone has already been diagnosed with a psychiatric condition and is having serious issues with medications, that's a time to head to the emergency department, too.
Delusions are not usually dangerous. They don't typically lead to violence or outbursts. There is always a risk, though, and it is certainly scary to hear someone you care about talk about things that are not true. Take these steps to protect both you and your loved one, and most of all get professional treatment.
Remember that your goal is to get through this period with minimal stress, not to convince them that their delusions aren't real. (If anything, arguing with them about their delusions can stress them out—and stress can make a psychotic episode worse.)
Delusions are most common in severe forms of anxiety but can be present in milder cases as well. When discussion delusions most people think of a paranoid delusion such as believing that the CIA is monitoring your home or that aliens have abducted your parents.
COMBINATION PSYCHOTHERAPY AND ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEDICATION
Treatment Summary: Delusional disorder is difficult to treat because of the client's suspicious and delusional beliefs. However, research indicates that psychotherapy in conjunction with antipsychotic medication is the most effective form of treatment.
Clear, honest communication is crucial for all family members. For example, don't be afraid to ask both your ill and healthy children how they feel about the changes to the family. Keeping a line of communication open will help things go more smoothly—both at the time of a new diagnosis, and well into the future.
You can be treated against your will for 3 months. After 3 months, staff can only treat you without your consent if a 'second opinion approved doctor' (SOAD) approves the treatment. If you are unhappy about your treatment, you should talk to your responsible clinician.