Potatoes are not hardy plants, so in general they are planted in spring from mid March to late April and can be harvested anywhere between June and October.
Plant your chitted seed potatoes in March, or later in the year. Typically, potatoes are planted in March for harvesting throughout the summer and autumn months. But they can also be planted in August or September so that you can enjoy new potatoes around Christmas.
The taste of tiny, tender new potatoes need not be restricted to summer. With a little bit of skill and good timing, they can also be grown for autumn and winter harvests, meaning you could enjoy them at Christmas.
Planting and harvesting potatoes in Australia
In cool climates, plant potatoes between July-August. Potatoes can be harvested between 90-120 days from planting. In warm climates, harvest potatoes between June-August and in cool climates harvest between December-February.
Now reach into the soil with your hands and pull the tubers up. How long do potatoes take to grow? Small new potatoes can be ready as early as ten weeks. However, full sized potatoes take about 80-100 days to reach maturity.
Potato plants don't need watering when they are established. The earthing up process will significantly raise the level of the soil trapping in any moisture below. Also the roots of potato plants go down a reasonable depth, enough to find moisture in almost all conditions.
Wait until the tops of the vines have completely died before you begin harvesting. When the vines are dead, it is a sure sign the potatoes have finished growing and are ready to be harvested.
It is important to rotate crop families about every three years to maintain healthy soil. If potatoes are planted in the same place for several years, pathogens can thrive in the soil and easily infect the next potato crop.
You'll also risk stressing the plant and its precious root system, so although you could try replanting it, the plant might not thrive. Wait too long, and your potatoes may get damaged by frost, or begin to sprout, crack or rot underground. It's enough to drive you starch-raving mad!
If you live in a climate where the soil does not freeze, or does not freeze down as deep as the potato tubers are, the forgotten potatoes will most likely grow back the following year.
Potatoes are a great winter-early spring crop and at this time of the year you will find seed potatoes available in local garden centers and on-line. And there's a potato planting solution for any sized garden! They can be planted in the ground in rows or in mounds, in containers, in potato bags, or in potato towers.
In a normal crop rotation plan, potatoes would only be grown in soil used for a previous potato crop every four years. If you grow potatoes in the same soil more frequently than that you risk them suffering from pests and diseases. So, when growing potatoes in containers always use fresh compost.
It's safe to plant onions and potatoes up to two weeks before the final frost is expected.
Generally, potatoes need between 1-2 inches of water per week; this could be provided by rain events or you to make up the difference.
After the greenery has died back, potatoes can stay in the ground for several days, if the conditions are right. As long as the soil is dry, and the temperature is above freezing, you don't have to harvest potatoes immediately. But it is best to dig them up within a few days to prevent rotting.
Can you eat potatoes right after harvest? Sure can! While we recommend curing them for long-term storage, freshly-dug potatoes are perfect for eating right out of the ground (maybe clean them off a bit first).
Cut them in half, or if the potatoes are really large, cut them into quarters. Make sure that each chunk of potato has at least one eye, which is a small depression in the surface of the potato where the roots sprout. If you need to cut seed potatoes, it is best to wait at least four to seven days before planting them.
Also add some epsom salt to the soil when planting to help provide a boost of magnesium that will help build cell walls of the potato. With these simple tips you'll be well on your way to growing a healthy potato crop that you can put in your root cellar and eat off of for several months of the year.
Planting Potatoes in the Garden
To begin with, dig a trench that is 6-8 inches deep. Plant each piece of potato (cut side down, with the eyes pointing up) every 12-15 inches, with the rows spaced 3 feet apart.
The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is an herbaceous annual that grows up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall.
The deeper potato plants are grown, the more area there is for tuber production. But, planting the seed potatoes too deeply from the start can cause them to rot before they sprout. At the very least, it makes harvesting very difficult at the end of the growing season because the potatoes are buried so deeply.
When planting, an NPK ratio of 15-15-15 is ideal. A month or two after they've been planted, potatoes need lots of nitrogen, so a fertilizer with an NPK of 34-0-0 is the best choice. An NPK of 12-12-17 or 14-7-21 is best for the last couple of months before harvest when the plants require more potassium.
Adding organic matter will help retain moisture in the soil and this is vital for potatoes, as they demand plenty of water when the potatoes are forming, from flowering time to harvest. Potatoes also enjoy the addition of potash and blood and bone to the soil.