Although stitches and sutures are widely referred to as one and the same, in medical terms they are actually two different things. Sutures are the threads or strands used to close a wound. “Stitches” (stitching) refers to the actual process of closing the wound. However, “suturing” is often used to mean stitching.
What are sutures? Sutures, also known as stitches, are sterile surgical threads used to repair cuts. They are also commonly used to close incisions from surgery. Some wounds may require an alternative method like metal staples instead of sutures.
Quick placement: Stapling is about three to four times faster than traditional suturing. Fewer Infections: Stapling is associated with lower tissue reaction and a lower risk of infection when compared to stitches.
A natural monofilament suture. Polypropylene (Prolene). A synthetic monofilament suture. Silk.
Stitches and staples are used to keep wounds together during healing. They need to be removed within 4-14 days. The specific removal date depends on the location of the stitches or staples. Removal should not be delayed.
Removing stitches is a much faster process than putting them in. The doctor simply clips each thread near the knot and pulls them out. You may feel a slight tugging sensation, but the removal of stitches shouldn't hurt at all. You won't even need an anesthetic.
The doctor who puts in the stitches or staples will tell you when to see your doctor or nurse to have them taken out. Non-absorbable stitches usually stay in for 5 to 14 days, depending on where they are. Staples usually stay in for 7 to 10 days. Staples need to be taken out with a special staple remover.
Polyglactin Sutures
The Polyglactin Suture comprises a synthetic braid, which is good to repair lacerations on the face and hands and is the most preferred option for general soft tissue approximation. Like the Poliglecaprone suture, this suture too is used in of vascular anastomosis procedures.
Most types should start to dissolve or fall out within a week or two, although it may be a few weeks before they disappear completely. Some may last for several months. Ask your doctor about the type of stitches you have been given and how long they should take to dissolve.
Percutaneous closure — The simple interrupted suture is the most common method used to close most small, uncomplicated, traumatic skin lacerations [1,14,15]. For proper healing, the edges of the wound must be everted by each stitch.
Disadvantages include possible crosshatching, the risk of dehiscence if the suture material ruptures, difficulty in making fine adjustments along the suture line, and puckering of the suture line when the stitches are placed in thin skin.
A large or deep cut will heal faster if your healthcare provider sutures it. This helps to make the area your body has to rebuild smaller. This is why surgical wounds typically heal faster than other kinds of wounds.
Without stitches, it may take 3 weeks or more for a wound to heal. Prolonged healing time isn't only a nuisance, it's also an infection risk. The risk of a wound infection continues as long as the wound hasn't healed. This is especially important to keep in mind if you have diabetes or you are immunocompromised.
Doctors use surgical glue -- also called “tissue adhesive” or "liquid stitches"-- to close both major and minor wounds, such as lacerations, incisions made during laparoscopic surgery, and wounds on the face or in the groin. Benefits of surgical glue include: Lower rates of infection. Less time in the operating room.
Place the curved tip of the suture scissors directly under the knot or on the side, close to the skin. Gently cut the suture and pull it out with the forceps. Make sure you remove all suture material and place the suture on clean gauze. Remove alternate sutures.
Several recent studies involving children and adults show that certain wounds closed with glue heal just as well as those closed with stitches, and that the cosmetic results up to a year later are comparable.
After 48 hours, surgical wounds can get wet without increasing the risk of infection. After this time, you can get your stitches wet briefly with a light spray (such as in the shower), but they should not be soaked (for example, in the bath). Make sure you pat the area dry afterwards.
Excessive scarring: If the sutures are not removed on time and the patient keep them all too often, it may cause permanant scar. Keloid formation: A keloid is a large scarlike tissue which is darker than the normal skin. The keloids seen on the waist, elbows, shoulders and the chests.
Stitches that are left in too long can leave skin marks and sometimes cause scarring. Delays also make it harder to take the stitches out.
FiberWire is the strongest suture material for a site where a large number of throws is clinically possible. PDS II provides a strong suture when combined with cyanoacrylate reinforcement.
Most commonly, sutures are used to close wounds because suture material provides the mechanical support necessary to sustain closure. A wide variety of suturing material is available, and the surgeon can choose among sutures with a range of attributes to find the one best suited to his or her needs.
Keep the wound bandaged and dry for the first day. After the first day, wash around the wound with clean water 2 times a day. Don't use hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, which can slow healing. You may cover the wound with a thin layer of petroleum jelly, such as Vaseline, and a non-stick bandage.
In general, the greater the tension across a wound, the longer the sutures should remain in place. As a guide, on the face, sutures should be removed in 5-7 days; on the neck, 7 days; on the scalp, 10 days; on the trunk and upper extremities, 10-14 days; and on the lower extremities, 14-21 days.
"Stitches can be left in too long," warns Dr. Yaakovian. "When this happens, the skin can grow over the stitches — making removal more difficult. It can also lead to more scarring."