“Щ” looks and sounds very similar to “Ш”, but with some minor but important distinctions. “Щ” has a sharper sound than “Ш”. It's similar to the sharp “sh” in “sheep.” Some people say it's like a combination of “sh” and “ch”.
ж is a voiced counterpart of ш , щ is a long palatalised ш , ч is an affricate that includes a palatalised version of ш as its second component. The Linguistic term of these sounds is sibilant consonants.
Russian "и" is a vowel and sounds more like the double 'e' in "tweet", while "й" is a consonant and sounds more like the first sound of "young".
The letter “щ” is also a consonant, and it produces a sch sound. The sound is close to the one you make when you pronounce the word “shrimp.”
Ч ч - Pronounced like the "ch" in "chips" or "church" . Ш ш - Pronounced like the "sh" in shut. Щ щ - Pronounced like "sh" but with your tongue on the roof of your mouth.
Today, both the Hard sign (Ъ) and the Soft sign (Ь) are used to separate a consonant and a vowel (mostly Я, Ё, Е, Ю), only the Hard sign (Ъ) separates a Hard consonant and a vowel, and the Soft sign (Ь) separates a Soft consonant and a vowel. In some other languages, a similar function is given to an apostrophe.
So the real difference between the Russian “И” and “Ы” sounds is not the position of the mouth, because it is exactly the same, but the position of the tongue. It is positioned in the front, when saying “И”, it is positioned in the back (but not too close to your throat), when saying “Ы”.
Note that ы sounds like [ i ] in ill, whereas И и sounds like [ee] in meet. The letter ы never occurs as the first letter in the word, therefore it is never capitalized. Click the syllable to listen, then click again and say it with me. Do the whole upper line (with ы) first then go to the lower one (with и).
In unstressed positions (in the same manner as ⟨а⟩), ⟨ъ⟩ is normally pronounced /ɐ/, which sounds like Sanskrit "a" (अ), Portuguese "terra" [ˈtɛʁɐ], or the German -er in the word "Kinder" [ˈkʰɪndɐ].
These are different inflections of the word, according to the gender of the noun it modifies: «это» mofidies neuter nouns, «этот» — masculine nouns («эта» would be feminine).
Й is a full-featured consonant, while Ь is a phonological aspect that affects the preceding consonant. Practically, the difference is very subtle and it affects only the phonetic duration.
The Russian letter "й" is called "и краткое" (it is pronounced [i kratkaye]). We represent its sound as [j], that is, a shorter sound than "и" similar to the sound of "y" in "oyster" or "boy".
“ты” is informal and means only one person. “вы” is either addressing a group or is used in formal speech when talking to ONE person. “вы” is for older people, to show respect to someone (of higher status or in more powerful position, etc).
Russian has six cases, but objective and possessive is not among them. So, let's look at the Russian cases. Only “Я” means “I”. “Мне” means “me” or “to me”.
The “Б” and “б” are “B” sounds. The “Ь” is silent. The “Ы” is an “ugh” sound. Just because they look like Bs doesn't mean they're all Bs.
Shcha (Щ щ; italics: Щ щ), Shta or Sha with descender is a letter of the Cyrillic script. In Russian, it represents the long voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative /ɕː/, similar to the pronunciation of ⟨sh⟩ in Welsh-sheep. In Ukrainian and Rusyn, it represents the consonant cluster /ʃt͡ʃ/, something like cash-chest.
The consonant “Н” has virtually the same sound as the English “N“. But unlike in English, it's pronounced with the tip of the tongue pressed against the upper teeth.
Ze (З з; italics: З з) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Cyrillic letter Ze. Phonetic usage: [z], [ts]
The sounds /tʃ/ and /ʃ/ are both voiceless, alveo-palatal consonants. However, /tʃ/ is an affricate while /ʃ/ is a fricative. When you pronounce /tʃ/, the air in your mouth should stop (like a /t/) before it is released (like a /ʃ/).
Russian ⟨ы⟩ is used to transliterate Polish ⟨y⟩ into Cyrillic: Maryla (Марыля). However, Latin ⟨y⟩ may be used for other purposes as well (such as for ⟨й⟩, or as part of digraphs, e.g. ⟨я⟩). In most Turkic languages that use Cyrillic, ⟨ы⟩ represents the close back unrounded vowel /ɯ/, like in Kazakh, Kyrgyz, etc.
With /tʃ/ the air is released suddenly like a sneeze, making it almost impossible to extended the sound for any length of time. In contrast, you can extended /ʃ/ virtually as long as you like, as people do when they really want someone to be quiet.
The letter ⟨ё⟩ is a stressed syllable in the overwhelming majority of Russian and Belarusian words. In Russian, unstressed ⟨ё⟩ occurs only in compound numerals and a few derived terms, wherein it is considered an exception. It is a so-called iotated vowel.
Memorize both sets of letters in order to read Russian correctly: ! а о у э ы - indicate that the preceding consonant is hard. я ё ю е и and ь - indicate that the preceding consonant is soft.
Did you know that sometimes he word а can be translated as “and” and as “but”, depending on the context? И is “and” in English, and но is “but”.