Primary variables and mortality Differences in mortality across arrival time ranged from 4.6 to 4.9%. For Trauma Center Levels, the mortality rates were highest at Level 1(5.0%) and lowest at Levels III/IV combined (3.1%).
Gunst et al. showed that half of the trauma deaths occur within 30 days, while the remaining 50% occur over a period of 1 year; 61% are immediate (on scene), 29% early (in hospital, 4 h) and 10% late deaths (>4 h).
Trauma is the leading cause of death for individuals up to the age of 45 years (Table of Causes of Death) Trauma is the fourth leading cause of death overall for all ages. There are almost 40,000 homicide and suicide deaths each year in the US.
Trauma is a leading cause of death worldwide. Many more survive their injuries and face lifelong disabilities, including limiting musculoskeletal conditions that significantly impact individuals and societies.
PTSD was associated with a 47% (95% CI: 1.06–2.04) greater risk of mortality across six studies that reported OR/RR, and a 32% increased risk across 18 studies which reported time to death (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.10–1.59).
Per VA's rating criteria, a 70% PTSD rating reflects that you display impairment in most areas such as, work, school, family relations, judgment, thinking, and mood. 70% PTSD rating lists several symptoms that affect occupational and social function.
Stress is unlikely to be fatal for most people, but prolonged exposure to stress can lead to mental and physical health problems, including death in severe cases. But dying from stress is unusual and is likely the result of a heart attack or another cardiovascular issue.
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular disease is the top cause of death globally.
Several studies have investigated the causes of death in trauma patients. Baker et al found that brain injury accounted for a majority of deaths, at 50% (13). Heart or aortic injury (17%), hemorrhage (12%), sepsis (10%), lung injury (6%), burn (3%), and liver injury (2%) accounted for the remainder.
Their paper, published in the British Journal of Psychiatry, finds that Canada has the highest levels of PTSD, followed by the Netherlands, Australia, the US and New Zealand. The lowest levels were found in Nigeria, China and Romania.
No one type of trauma is “worse” than another. You can even experience the same type of trauma—or even the same event—as someone else and have different reactions to it. If something hurts you, it hurts, and your natural emotional reaction is valid. It can be helpful to think about “big T” trauma and “little t” trauma.
70% of adults in the U.S. have experienced some type of traumatic event at least once in their lives. That's 223.4 million people. More than 33% of youths exposed to community violence will experience Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, a very severe reaction to traumatic events.
Young Children and Trauma. Children can experience trauma as early as infancy. In fact, young children between the ages of 0 and 5 are the most vulnerable to the effects of trauma since their brains are still in the early formative years.
The first 60 minutes after the traumatic injury which is the most crucial period that determines the patient's outcome has been termed the “Golden Hour”.
Abstract. Objective: The classical trimodal distribution of trauma deaths describes three peaks of deaths following trauma: immediate, early and late deaths.
20% of people who have died from traumatic injuries could have survived with quick bleeding control. national campaign to address the most common cause of preventable trauma death in the nation: uncontrolled bleeding.
Specifically, these are deaths resulting from bodily harm that can be caused by fires, motor vehicle crashes, drowning, sharp objects, firearms, suffocation, falling, poisoning and more. Injuries may be unintentional, self-related harm or assault-related.
While larger animals like sharks or hippos may seem a likely culprit, the animal that kills the most humans per year is actually the mosquito.
But both Hitler and Stalin were outdone by Mao Zedong. From 1958 to 1962, his Great Leap Forward policy led to the deaths of up to 45 million people—easily making it the biggest episode of mass murder ever recorded.
This first table gives a convenient overview of the general categories and broad causes. The leading cause is cardiovascular disease at 31.59% of all deaths.
Up to 3 times the increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and heart disease. Up to 4.5 times the increased risk of depression and up to 12 times the increased risk of suicidality. Up to a 20-year decrease in overall life expectancy.
Traumatic stressors such as early trauma can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which affects about 8% of Americans at some time In their lives,1 as well as depression,2,3 substance abuse,1,4 dissociation,5 personality disorders,6,7 and health problems.
Exposure to trauma can be life-changing – and researchers are learning more about how traumatic events may physically change our brains. But these changes are not happening because of physical injury, rather our brain appears to rewire itself after these experiences.