Biofilm in breastmilk. “Fat globules” in milk are actually biofilm formation from bacteria, cholesterol/lipids in the milk, and general ductal debris (dead cells), usually in the setting of hyperlactation (oversupply) and dybiosis (imbalance of breastmilk microbiome).
The coveted fat plug. If you've spent anytime in a pumping mom's Facebook group, you may have heard of this terms or you've seen the “fat plug trophy photo” in a post or two. This fat plug breast milk phenomenon happens when stored breast milk develops a cap of fat at the top of a bottle and acts as a plug.
Fat slows down the transit of milk through the baby's gut. If a baby takes a lot of milk that is relatively low in fat, it can rush through the gut faster than the milk sugar (lactose) can be digested. This leads to fermentation in the gut.
You make more watery or thirst quenching milk in the morning, and less volume but fattier milk in the evening. This is why your baby may want to cluster feed or fuss feed in the evenings. Your milk producing hormone prolactin is highest in the middle of the night.
The longer the time between feeds, the more diluted the leftover milk becomes. This 'watery' milk has a higher lactose content and less fat than the milk stored in the milk-making cells higher up in your breast. You can't tell how much fat your baby has received from the length of a feed.
You can do this by pumping for a minute or two before you begin to breastfeed your baby. By pumping before you breastfeed, you will remove some of the foremilk and your baby will get more of the high-calorie, high-fat hindmilk.
How long should a baby nurse to get hindmilk? After about 10 to 15 minutes of breastfeeding, the milk flow slows and transitions to the sweet and creamy hindmilk, which contains vitamins A and E, and has more fat and calories than foremilk.
Besides energy, lipids provide an important source of essential fatty acids and cholesterol. They're also necessary for the growth (and weight gain) of your baby and the development of your child's brain and vision. The fats in your breast milk may also play a role in controlling your baby's appetite.
The degree of emptiness of the breast is what research has shown to drive breastmilk fat content, and thus calorie content. The fuller the breast, the lower the fat content of the milk; The emptier the breast, the higher the fat content of the milk (Daly 1993).
Salmon and sardines
Salmon is great for breastfeeding moms because it contains large amounts of DHA, a type of fat important for the development of a baby's nervous system. Wild-caught, farm-raised or canned salmon is good for you. Both salmon and sardines can increase breast milk production.
When frozen, breast milk separates into two components a fat (cream) and a liquid. The fat component can appear as white spots in your frozen milk. You may notice that the fat separation occurs at the top of the container.
A reliable way to treat foremilk/hindmilk imbalance is to separate your breast milk. Bottle feeding your baby less foremilk and more hindmilk will help them easily digest the lactose present in your milk.
Light green: Consistent green stools in a breastfed baby can indicate an imbalance of foremilk/hindmilk. Foremilk is the low-calorie milk that comes first in a feeding. Hindmilk, which is high in fat, comes second in a feeding.
If you see bright green and frothy poop in your baby's diaper that almost looks like algae, they're probably getting too much foremilk – the low-calorie milk that comes first in a feeding – and not enough hindmilk, the higher-fat, super-nutritious stuff that comes near the end.
The total milk consumed daily—not the hindmilk—determines baby's weight gain. Whether babies breastfeed often for shorter periods or go for hours between feedings and feed longer, the total daily fat consumption does not actually vary. Foremilk is not always low-fat.
Your baby getting too much foremilk and not enough hindmilk may result in the following symptoms: Becoming more fussy than normal. Having symptoms of colic. Becoming gassy.
Breast massage and jiggle before latching is called "The Milkshake Technique" and it works wonders at instantly resolving foremilk/hindmilk imbalances.
The fat content in breast milk changes over the course of a nursing or pumping session because of how milk is stored in the breast. As your breasts produce milk, the fat globules in the milk stick to each other as well as to the alveoli.
Despite views to the contrary, breasts are never truly empty. Milk is actually produced nonstop—before, during, and after feedings—so there's no need to wait between feedings for your breasts to refill.
These sessions don't need to be evenly spaced, but you should be nursing/pumping at least once during the night in the first few months or anytime you notice a decrease in supply. Avoid going longer than 5-6 hours without pumping during the first few months.
Milk production peaks by about a month after birth, with most of the increase happening in the first two weeks. Many mothers find it becomes more difficult – in some cases impossible – to increase the amount of milk they are making, after the early weeks.