Sub-Saharan Africa--accounting for nearly half of infectious disease deaths globally--will remain the most vulnerable region. The death rates for many diseases, including HIV/AIDS and malaria, exceed those in all other regions.
Tuberculosis remains one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases, second only to COVID-19, and drug resistant TB strains are still a major concern.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), African swine fever (ASF) and Lumpy skin disease (LSD) are animal diseases and are not present in Australia. They do not pose human health concerns. Avian influenza (bird flu, AI) is a global disease of birds and some strains may affect humans.
TB is the leading infectious disease killer in the world, claiming 1.5 million lives each year.
The world's biggest killer is ischaemic heart disease, responsible for 16% of the world's total deaths.
Cholera, bubonic plague, smallpox, and influenza are some of the most brutal killers in human history. And outbreaks of these diseases across international borders, are properly defined as pandemic, especially smallpox, which throughout history, has killed between 300-500 million people in its 12,000 year existence.
Cause 1: Ischaemic heart disease
Ischaemic heart disease was the leading single cause of deaths in Australia, responsible for 17,331 deaths in 2021, about one in 10 of total deaths that year. Males were more prone to the disease, accounting for 10,371 (59.8%) of the deaths compared to 6,960 (40.2%) for females.
Burns specialist and former Australian of the year Professor Fiona Wood described chronic wounds as “Australia's hidden epidemic” and said the average patient faced $4000 in out-of-pocket costs every year. “That's around $340 every month,” she said. “The costs of chronic wounds are not covered by Medicare.
According to the National Health Survey, the most common chronic conditions affecting Australians in 2017–18 were: mental and behavioural conditions – 4.8 million people (20.1%) back problems – 4.0 million people (16.4%) arthritis – 3.6 million people (15.0%)
Switzerland
In addition to having what many call the world's best health care system, the Swiss also have some of the highest life expectancies (a whopping 84 years). Other key factors include clean water, low crime rates, and high work-life balance.
Mali. Health in Mali, one of the world's poorest nations, is greatly affected by poverty, malnutrition, and inadequate hygiene and sanitation. Mali's health and development indicators rank among the worst in the world.
Qatar has the lowest mortality rate in the world at 1.2 deaths per 1,000 people. This low mortality rate can be attributed to Qatar's improved health care system, renowned for its technologically advanced facilities and ability to deliver some of the world's best patient care.
Australia possesses a unique assemblage of mammal species, of which over 80% are endemic. This high level of endemism is a result of Australia's long period of isolation from other continents, since its separation from Gondwana about 40 million years ago.
Australia was able to avoid the worst effects with an initial maximum suppression strategy, but the pandemic still had, and continues to have, major negative impacts on people's health and well-being. National study of mental health and wellbeing (2020-2021).
We implemented a range of funding measures and plans to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. We created plans specific to sectors, such as aged care, to ensure they catered to all Australians. Learn about the frameworks and policies the Australian Government put in place to help combat COVID-19.
Four species of sharks account for the vast majority of fatal attacks on humans: the bull shark, tiger shark, oceanic whitetip shark and the great white shark.
Australia is known for many things, including swathes of tropical beaches, marine reserves, Aboriginal culture, cute koalas, rolling wine country, and lush rainforests.
cancer. dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. advanced lung, heart, kidney and liver disease. stroke and other neurological diseases, including motor neurone disease and multiple sclerosis.
Serial killers with the highest known victim count. The most prolific modern serial killer is arguably doctor Harold Shipman, with 218 probable murders and possibly as many as 250 (see "Medical professionals", below). However, he was actually convicted of a sample of 15 murders.
The disease – now confirmed to be bubonic plague – reached Constantinople, capital of the Late Roman or Byzantine Empire, in 541 AD. It was soon killing 10,000 people a day. Corpses littered public spaces and were stacked like produce indoors.