Common complications include poor stoma siting, high output, skin irritation, ischemia, retraction, parastomal hernia (PH), and prolapse.
Common early complications include leakage and skin irritations, high output resulting in fluid and electrolyte imbalances, or stoma necrosis; late complications include parastomal hernia, stoma prolapse, and stoma stenosis [7].
Bowel blockage or obstruction
If the poo coming out of your stoma slows down or stops, you may have a bowel blockage. Speak to your stoma nurse if you have cramps, feel nauseous or notice swelling around your stoma. They may recommend avoiding solid foods, massaging your tummy or having a hot bath.
Living with a stoma is a challenging situation for various reasons including uncontrolled gas passage through it, odor, diarrhea, and leakage around the stoma or appliance. It would take several months for the patients to adjust to this difficult time.
Adjusting to a colostomy can be difficult at first, but it does not mean you cannot enjoy a full and active life. Colostomy equipment is discreet and secure, and you should be able to do most of the activities you enjoyed before.
You can bathe and shower as normal with your stoma and, unless you have been specifically advised otherwise, you can do so with the stoma bag on or off. It won't fall off in the water if you choose to keep it on and if you bathe with the stoma bag off, soap rinsing over the stoma isn't a problem.
You should try to drink 6-8 glasses of water each day along with any other drinks such as tea or coffee. A safe and welcoming space for ostomates, friends, family and caregivers to talk about a wide range of topics related to living with a stoma.
There's no reason to restrict yourself from certain foods, but it's good to know that different food will have different effects on the output from your stoma. If there's a particular kind of food that you're unsure about, just try a small amount. If there are no problems, then go for it!
Stoma surgery is an intrusive operation, with outcomes that can impact seriously on daily life, not just in the immediate postoperative and recovery period, but for the rest of the patient's life. There are changes in bodily function, altered body image, physicality and personal care needs.
Having a stoma can have some significant physical effects on all aspects of life, including diet, exercise and sexual relationships, as well as many other areas. However, aside from the physical implications, having a stoma can also have a severe effect on mental health.
A colostomy is an operation to create an opening (stoma) of the large bowel (colon) onto the surface of the tummy (abdomen). Your poo no longer passes out of your body through your back passage. Instead, it passes out through the stoma. You wear a bag that sticks onto the skin over the stoma to collect your poo.
It is normal to feel exhausted in the early weeks and months following surgery. You probably didn't get much sleep in hospital as they are really busy places. You are up at night changing or emptying your ostomy pouch so your sleep has been interrupted.
If the stoma bag fits well there should be no smell except when changing it. If you do notice a smell from your bag, you should check it as there may be a leak under the flange and the bag will need changing.
Clinical dietitians recommend avoiding carbonated or caffeinated beverages, as these can put unnecessary strain on the digestive system. Doctors suggest eating small meals several times per day, eating slowly, and chewing food thoroughly to prevent colon discomfort or irritation.
Fizzy Drinks
It is likely to make your stoma more vocal and can cause ballooning of the pouch. To reduce this avoid fizzy drinks or drink them in moderation. Let it stand once poured for 10 minutes or stir with a spoon to allow some of the gas to escape.
One major issue to watch out for with a stoma is the laxative effect of some chocolates. The caffeine and fibre within the chocolate can increase the rate of motility (which is the contraction of the muscles in the digestive tract that encourage bowel movements).
It's always a good idea to empty or change your stoma bag before you go to bed as it will help to prevent your bag from filling up too much overnight and disturbing your sleep. A full stoma bag is always at risk of leaking and that's not something you want to experience during the night.
Clean the pouch
Wipe the inside and outside of the tail with toilet paper. This helps prevent any odor. Check both sides of the pouch for tears or holes. If you find any, put on a new pouch.
In fact, 38% of colostomy patients prefer to shower bag-less every time, and 23% shower without the bag 3-4 days per week. However, it is recommended to leave the bag on in case of a fresh surgery, wounds, a quick shower, or high or uncontrolled output.
The BBC Radio 1 presenter had a stoma bag, which she refers to as Audrey, fitted last October after being diagnosed with bowel cancer. The operation diverts one end of the colon, which is part of the bowel, through an opening in the abdomen called a stoma.
After a stoma, the bottom part of the bowel no longer has poo passing through it, but it still produces mucus. Dead cells from the lower bowel or rectum may be mixed in with the mucus.
Put the bag, along with its contents and any wipes, into a disposal bag. Seal the bag and put into the domestic refuse bin and then wash your hands. Alternatively, some colostomates with looser output may prefer to cut the bag and empty the contents into the toilet before disposal.