Certain points along the upper urinary tract are more susceptible to obstruction. The 3 points of narrowing along the ureter include the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ), the crossing of the ureter over the area of the pelvic brim (the iliac vessels), and the ureterovesical junction (UVJ).
Blockage can lead to kidney damage, kidney stones, and infection. Symptoms can include pain in the side, decreased or increased urine flow, and urinating at night. Symptoms are more common if the blockage is sudden and complete.
Most often such an obstruction occurs because of an enlarged prostate or bladder failure, or other causes of urethral blockage. The initial treatment will usually consist of placing a bladder catheter for drainage, and treatment of the obstructing disease after the situation has stabilized.
Risk Factors for Urinary Tract Obstruction
Within the walls of the tract – Including stricture (ureteric or urethral) and paralysed bladder, Pressure from outside the tract – Including enlarged prostate, pelvic tumours, and penile foreskin problems.
If you have an object in your urethra, you may have pain or bleeding. You may also get an infection. If the object moves to the bladder, it can damage the bladder. After the object is taken out, your urethra may feel sore or irritated.
If something blocks or presses on your urethra (the passage that lets urine out of your bladder) it can cause urinary retention. A blockage can be caused by: a full bladder. an enlarged prostate gland (in males)
Drainage procedures. A ureteral obstruction that causes severe pain might require an immediate procedure to remove urine from your body and temporarily relieve the problems caused by a blockage. Your doctor (urologist) may recommend: A ureteral stent, which is a hollow tube inserted inside the ureter to keep it open.
Urinary obstruction affects all age groups, but the majority of cases present in the bimodal distribution in infants and the elderly. Congenital genitourinary tract abnormalities (e.g., posterior urethral valves) present in childhood as urinary obstruction, producing an estimate of approximately 4% of the total cases.
A ureteral obstruction is a blockage in one or both of the tubes (ureters) that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Ureteral obstruction can be cured. However, if it's not treated, symptoms can quickly move from mild — pain, fever and infection — to severe — loss of kidney function, sepsis and death.
Delayed diagnosis can present as persistent flank or abdominal pain, flank mass, prolonged ileus, urinary tract infection, or hydronephrosis and elevated creatinine and BUN. If a patient has an abdominal drain after surgery and has prolonged high output, this can be another potential indicator of ureteral injury.
However, stones that block your ureters or any of your kidneys' drainage tubes may cause symptoms that include: Severe pain that comes and goes (intermittent) in your upper flank (in your back, under your lower ribs). Pain that spreads (radiates) to your lower abdomen. Pain or a burning feeling while peeing.
Certain points along the upper urinary tract are more susceptible to obstruction. The 3 points of narrowing along the ureter include the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ), the crossing of the ureter over the area of the pelvic brim (the iliac vessels), and the ureterovesical junction (UVJ).
Prognosis for Urinary Obstruction
Blockage can usually be relieved, but if relief takes too long, the kidney can be damaged permanently.
Commonly used antibiotics include trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones. Pain secondary to urinary tract obstruction is often managed with oxycodone, hydrocodone, acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Nocturia is waking up more than once during the night because you have to pee. Causes can include drinking too much fluid, sleep disorders and bladder obstruction. Treatments for nocturia include restricting fluids and medications that reduce symptoms of overactive bladder.
Hydronephrosis may or may not cause symptoms. The main symptom is pain, either in the side and back (known as flank pain), abdomen or groin. Other symptoms can include pain during urination, other problems with urination (increased urge or frequency, incomplete urination, incontinence), nausea and fever.
If you have to get up two or more times each night to go to the bathroom, it's not normal. This is a clear sign of nocturia.
The need to strain or push in order to urinate can be due to problems with the contractile force of the bladder or problems with obstruction of the bladder outlet and urethra.
Bladder pressure is usually a sign that a person needs to urinate. But, it can also indicate an underlying health condition, such as interstitial cystitis. However, some people experience this pressure constantly, and it may feel like an ache. This is not normal and is likely caused by interstitial cystitis.
A ureteral obstruction is a blockage in one or both of the tubes (ureters) that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Ureteral obstruction can be cured. However, if it's not treated, symptoms can quickly move from mild — pain, fever and infection — to severe — loss of kidney function, sepsis and death.
Drinking water helps dilute your urine and ensures that you'll urinate more frequently — allowing bacteria to be flushed from your urinary tract before an infection can begin. Drink cranberry juice. Although studies are not conclusive that cranberry juice prevents UTIs, it is likely not harmful.
Bacteria can then make its way from the urethra to the bladder, resulting in a UTI. Peeing after sex helps to flush bacteria out of the urethra, helping to prevent UTIs.