Darth Sidious was the secret persona of Sheev Palpatine and the Sith apprentice of Darth Plagueis.
A Sith Lord with the ability to prevent death and create life, Plagueis is the mentor of Sheev Palpatine/Darth Sidious, who, in accordance to the Sith's Rule of Two, eventually betrays Plagueis by murdering him in his sleep, taking his place as Sith Master.
According to Star Wars Timelines, Palpatine joined the Senate in 52 BBY. Assuming that Darth Plagueis arrived on Naboo and recruited Palpatine around 65 BBY, Sidious trained as a Sith for 13 years before becoming a politician.
Sidious broke the Rule of Two at least twice: once by training Darth Maul while still under the tutelage of Darth Plagueis; and secondly, by taking on two apprentices at once, and in the form of two Jedi: Count Dooku, the former Padawan of the legendary Jedi Master Yoda, dubbed Darth Tyranus, and the Fosh Jedi Vergere.
A young Darth Sidious trains under Darth Plagueis. Soon after the murder of his family, Sidious began the first stages of his training, designed to "break" him as an individual in order to remake him as a Sith, under Darth Plagueis.
Not only did the Dark Lord deem the project a failure, his efforts ultimately backfired and caused the midi-chlorians to create Anakin Skywalker, the prophesied Chosen One of Jedi legend who was destined to restore balance to the Force by destroying the Sith.
In Legends it's pretty much confirmed that Anakin was born of the Force as a reaction to Plagueis and Palpatine growing stronger in the dark side, however the reason for his conception is much less clear in Canon.
1 Darth Sidious
As well as being a gifted bladesman Sidious' connection to the Dark Side is extremely powerful, granting Sidious the ability to conduct force lightning. Likewise, Sidious took on both Darth Maul and Darth Vader as his apprentice, two of the most powerful Sith and best villains in all of Star Wars.
If Maul knew, he would have tole Obi Wan or another Jedi during the Clone Wars. Dooku knew Palpatine was Sidious as he told Obi-Wan about him controlling the senate and referred to him as the dark lord. There's no real way of actually knowing if he knew ab palpatine.
Even though Kylo Ren uses a red lightsaber, harnesses the dark side of the Force, and wears a cape, he is not a Sith. Because of that, he can never hold the title of Darth. Instead, he was just a chaotic mess of the dark side (until he eventually found his way back to the light).
The Tragedy of Darth Plagueis the Wise
Anakin Skywalker learned about the late Darth Plagueis as recounted by Sheev Palpatine.
Requesting that Githany secretly teach him Force techniques she learned from the masters, Bane also began private lightsaber combat instruction with Kas'im.
That person was Darth Traya, or as she was once known, Kreia. Kreia's story begins with Revan's, teaching him in the ways of the Jedi. Long had she forsaken her eyesight and taught her students more in mental skills. She used her spare time to learn more about the deeper mysteries of the Force.
DARK SIDE FRIDAY - Did you know Palpatine feared Qui-Gon Jinn? Palpatine was immensely powerful and he could see the future which made him very confident about pretty much anyone who stood against him. So why Qui-Gon Jinn?
Amedda was one of the few beings in the galaxy who knew Palpatine's secrets, most notably his true identity as a Sith Lord.
N'Kata Del Gormo was a Force-sensitive male Hysalrian Jedi Master who lived during the times of the Galactic Republic. According to legend, he found and trained Yoda and a Force-sensitive Human friend.
Outcome. The showdown on Coruscant was a confrontation that took place in the Supreme Chancellor's Suite of the Galactic Senate in 19 BBY. It began after Jedi Knight Anakin Skywalker informed Master Mace Windu that Supreme Chancellor Palpatine had revealed his identity as a Sith Lord to him.
Just before Anakin walks in to talk to him, Palpatine can be seen looking at his Death Star plans in his own office.
In the novel, Dooku remains silent when Sidious tells Anakin to kill him, because he finally realised, that he had been replaced. His master has found a new apprentice, younger, filled with more rawness and power to destroy the Jedi.
By far the most iconic Sith Lord and warrior is Darth Vader (or Anakin Skywalker). He, through his extensive injuries and being trapped in a technologically-advanced suit to survive, stayed strong with the force.
First on the list of Palpatine's rivals is Darth Bane. He was not only unrivaled with a lightsaber in his day, but he was also a master at shrugging off the force powers of others, Sith and Jedi alike. As the sole surviving Sith of the Jedi-Sith War, his knowledge of the force should not be underestimated.
Master Yoda has risen above all others to claim the top spot as the most powerful Jedi of all time and the true chosen one according to IGN's audience. He won pretty handily as well, as he was victorious in 89,756 of his 95,243 battles and had a win percentage of 94.2%.
In The Rise of Skywalker (2019), the final film in the sequel trilogy, Palpatine is revealed to be the mastermind behind the First Order and creator of its puppet leader, Snoke, as well as the grandfather of protagonist Rey.
Plagueis could most likely have reversed the drain, if it was the twins or Vader - since they had no practice with the power, whereas Plagueis did. However, if it was Palpatine doing it, then they would be evenly matched, and most likely Padmé would die due to her life force hanging on the balance.
Darth Jar Jar, known to most as Jar Jar Binks, was a Gungan Sith Lord. He survived the Battle of Naboo and became a Representative of Naboo, when he helped to give Darth Sidious emergency powers. After the fall of the Galactic Empire, he forced a small alien named Snoke under his evil wing.