While rats are comfortable in the light, they will typically avoid it simply due to their nature. There are also certain types of lights that they may make additional effort to avoid, such as flashing lights. That is why so many companies sell light machines designed to deter rats; they have their basis in fact.
Out of direct sunlight - keep their cage in an area of your home that's not too bright during the day, out of direct sunlight, and dark at night.
Unfortunately, the light inside your house is not a very effective deterrent to mice. Once inside a house or a building, they can easily look for dark areas to hide until such time as all lights are turned off. Places they can hide include inside the walls, crawl spaces, attics, and ceilings.
Rats are extremely sensitive to light. Retinal damage due to light exposure has frequently been reported. Albino rats have increased sensitivity to bright light since they lack the normal pigmentation of the eyes.
Rats are incredibly sensitive to bright lights. It hurts their eyes. So it would make sense for them to have night vision. However, rats actually have pretty poor vision no matter how much light there is.
Ammonia – Another odor that rats can't tolerate is the pungent smell of ammonia. By mixing two cups of ammonia, one-quarter of water, and two teaspoons of detergent in a bowl, you can keep rats away from the home. Mothballs – Mothballs are also effective rat repellents. They are also easily available in markets.
Peppermint Oil
On a cotton ball use no more than 5 drops of 100% peppermint essential oil. Spread the oil on areas that you want rats to avoid, in your case, around the garden.
In their retina, they contain two kinds of color cones: one for seeing blue ultraviolet light and the other for recognizing green light or colors. Rats have a similar color perception to human beings, except they are red-green colorblind, which means they see shades of red as a generally dark tone.
Rats will be able to smell when predators are nearby or when they have set up in an area. This allows them to hide, and flee before they are spotted. They are able to detect the scents of large birds, cats, snakes, and even humans.
Recently RVers have started talking about how they've successfully kept mice out of the RV using LED lights. It might seem too good to be true, but it actually makes a lot of sense. After all, mice are less likely to come around during the day (i.e. when they see light).
Mice are known to carry diseases such as salmonella and hantavirus that can potentially be serious for humans. Furthermore, the fleas and ticks that live on mice can transmit illnesses to humans such as Lyme disease. And, as tiny as they might be, mice can cause big problems when they infest a home.
Rats are exceptional climbers, undeniably. Also the little cousin of the rat, the mouse, can reach counter tops and tops of dressers. For that reason, it is safe to think that a rat can conveniently climb onto a bed. Additionally, a pet rat owner can personally say that a rat can get into a bed.
Rats and mice are nocturnal with most activity taking place between approximately one half hour after sunset to about one half hour before sunrise.
Rats and rodents in general are very sensitive to sound, since it's one of their main tools for survival. Any new or unexpected noise will frighten them and send them scurrying. However, once rodents get used to a sound, they will no longer fear it.
Essential oils that may be helpful in repelling rats and mice include peppermint oil, lemon oil, citronella oil, and eucalyptus oil. You can make an essential oil spray by mixing 2 teaspoons of oil with 1 cup of water or rubbing alcohol in a spray bottle.
The frequency range of rat hearing is approximately 250 Hz to 80 kHz with the greatest sensitivity occurring between 8 and 38 kHz, a range much higher than that found in humans.
Both rats and mice are good climbers and can climb vertical walls and "shimmy" up between walls and drain pipes. Rats are also excellent swimmers and have been known to enter premises through the water traps of the toilet bowl when infestations occur in the main sewerage system.
All you need to do is mix 2 – 2 and a half cups of ammonia, 100 – 200 mL of water and a 2-3 spoonful of detergent in a bowl. Then, put it to places where rats are usually seen. The smell of ammonia is very pungent that it instantly kills rats.
Smells and Odors that attract rats
Odors and smells that come from pet waste, pet food, garbage containers, barbecue grills, birdfeeders, and even from unharvested fruit and nuts from plants can attract rats and mice.
Place peppermint oil, cayenne pepper, pepper and cloves around the home to keep them away. Sprinkle crushed pepper, or spray a pepper spray, near openings and holes.
If they're in their cage, a carrier or box, open the door or uncover the box. If your shy rats are too scared to come out, offer tasty treats that smell enticing. Small pieces of bread with peanut butter spread very sparingly work well. (Caution: Make sure to not give too much peanut butter at a time.
Advantages. It's cost-effective: Using salt to deter rats is one of the most cost-effective methods of keeping these rodents at bay. Salt is readily available in most homes and hence doesn't require you to purchase additional products.