Nits (lice eggs) typically hatch into nymphs (baby lice) in 6 to 9 days, and these nymphs mature into adult, reproductive lice within another 7 to 12 days, meaning a new louse can emerge from an egg in about one to two weeks, ready to lay more eggs. The whole process from nit to egg-laying adult is quick, highlighting why early treatment is key.
The nit is laid by the female near the base of the hair shaft and usually takes about 8-9 days to hatch. Viable eggs are usually located within 6 mm of the scalp. A nymph is an immature louse which matures into an adult in about 7-12 days after hatching.
Intense itching (pruritus) and rash caused by an allergic reaction to louse bites are common symptoms of body lice infestation. As with other lice infestations, intense itching leads to scratching which can cause sores and secondary bacterial infection of the skin.
People who have head lice for the first time may not feel itchy right way. It can take 4 to 6 weeks for itching to start. You may be able to see lice, but they move quickly, avoid lights and are small. You may also see lice eggs on hair shafts.
Getting head lice isn't a sign of poor hygiene or unclean surroundings. Head lice prefer clean hair to attach and lay their eggs. Another common misconception is that head lice can jump or fly from one person to another. Head lice only crawl, most often leading to transmission through direct head-to-head contact.
Lice move very fast. Lice are usually found very close to the scalp, at the bottom of the neck and behind the ears. If your child has an itchy scalp or was exposed to head lice, check their hair right away and look close to the scalp. Check again once a week for 2 weeks in case you missed them.
There are many other causes of scalp itching that can be mistaken for head lice. These include folliculitis, psoriasis, eczema and dandruff, but they do not have the features mentioned above.
Because adult and nymph lice are very small, move quickly, and avoid light, they may be difficult to find. A fine-toothed louse comb may help you find lice. If you do not see crawling lice, look for nits attached firmly within ¼ inch of the base of hair shafts.
Most children who are exposed to someone with head lice do not get them. Lice cannot jump or fly. They can only crawl. Lice are only passed to others by close head-to-head contact.
Launder clothing and bedding immediately before lice treatment on your child so any live lice living there can't crawl onto lice- free, just treated heads! Laundry water should be at least 130 degrees Fahrenheit to kill the lice. CAUTION: Do not bathe or shampoo in water this hot! This temperature is for laundry only!
Female head lice can lay up to 10 eggs a day. The eggs are usually found near the hair root, close to the scalp.
The lice will be dark in color and the size of a poppyseed. Look for nits near hair follicle about ¼ inch from scalp. Nits (eggs) will be white or yellowish-brown. Nits are often more easily seen than lice, especially when the person has dark hair.
Use hot water (130°F) and high heat drying. If you can't wash or dry clean items, seal them in a plastic bag for two weeks. Soak combs and brushes in hot water (at least 130°F) for 5 – 10 minutes.
Symptoms of head lice include:
Dry combing takes less time, but wet combing is more accurate because washing with conditioner stops head lice from moving. To use the wet detection method: wash the hair with ordinary shampoo. apply plenty of conditioner.
Hair type matters a little bit. A recent study that has not yet been published has shown that people with thinner hair tend to be less likely to have lice than people with longer, thicker hair. People with wavy hair had also shown more incidence of head lice than people with straight or curly hair.
How many head lice are usually found on an infested person? Typically, 10–15 head lice are found. The number of lice often depends on personal hygiene, for example, how often the person bathes, shampoos, or changes and washes his/her clothing.