To make a scared dog feel comfortable, create a safe space, approach gently without direct eye contact, use slow movements and calm tones, offer comfort through calming touch (avoiding the head), and provide positive distractions like treats or chews, all while avoiding punishment or forcing interactions to build trust gradually.
Dogs learn from positive association. The best way to help a shy or fearful dog gain confidence is to expose them to what frightens them at a low intensity. Pair this exposure with something positive, like a tasty treat.
The 3-3-3 rule for dogs is a guideline for the adjustment period after adoption, representing 3 days (overwhelmed/hiding), 3 weeks (settling in/testing boundaries), and 3 months (feeling at home/bonding) to help owners manage expectations and provide patience, routine, and a calm environment, understanding that anxiety is normal as they decompress from a stressful past. It's a framework for recognizing stress and fostering trust, not a rigid timeline, but it helps owners understand why a new dog might seem timid or act out initially.
No, the only risk you run comforting a scared dog is learned helplessness, where, in anticipation of your comfort, will freeze in the face of the stimulus, ceasing to try an better their own situation, expecting you to do it for them.
7 Proven Ways to Calm Your Anxious Dog
The time it takes for a fearful dog to adjust varies widely. Kait Hembree (CVT, KPA CTP, VTS-Behavior), Head Trainer at GoodPup, notes that some dogs may take only days, while others need weeks or even months to come out of their shell.
Perry cautions, “Owners should never force a dog to confront fears head-on. For example, if a dog is afraid of unfamiliar people, he should not be forced to interact with visitors or be taken to crowded areas. If the dog can approach someone voluntarily (and be rewarded for doing so), he will be less fearful.”
When dogs experience anxiety, music or white noise can help calm them down. This provides a soothing and calming environment, and it can naturally reduce their stress and anxiety levels. White noise or music can also drown out the unpredictable noises from thunderstorms or fireworks that trigger anxiety.
Fear periods in dogs come with a sudden onset of behavioral changes. Not all dogs will experience fear periods, but for the dogs that do, the common times we see the shift in their behavior typically occur in puppies between 8-11 weeks old and 6-14 months old, and they usually last for approximately 2-3 weeks.
The most commonly surrendered dog type is the "pit bull type" (including mixes), often due to negative stereotypes, breed-specific legislation, and high energy levels, followed by other popular breeds like German Shepherds, Huskies, and Labrador Retrievers that may not fit owner lifestyles. Breeds like Staffordshire Bull Terriers (especially mixes) also top surrender lists in some regions like Australia.
A higher than normal anxiety level. Seeking out unusual places to sleep or hide. Your pet no longer enjoys or seeks out contact with your family and/or their fur family. Consistent pacing or circling, restlessness; especially at night.
Some common concerns reported by guardians of aging dogs are increased sensitivity and irritability, increased fear of unfamiliar pets and people (sometimes accompanied by aggression), decreased tolerance of touch and restraint, increased following and desire for contact, and increased anxiety when left alone.
Back and shoulders: One of the best spots to pet your dog is starting between their shoulders and moving down their back until the space just above the base of their tail. Some dogs may appreciate a firmer touch or gentle scratching in this area.
A frightened dog may also pant, salivate, tremble, pace, or try to escape. He may show submissive behaviors— avoiding eye contact, urinating submissively, or rolling over to expose his belly—or he may freeze and remain immobile. Some dogs will bark or growl at the feared object.
Signs of anxiety can include:
The dog breeds that are more likely to have this problem are the German Shepherd, Australian Shepherd, Border Collie, Jack Russell Terrier, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Bichon Frise, Toy Poodle, Labrador Retriever, Cocker Spaniel, and German Shorthaired Pointer.
Over-the-counter medications are a viable option for treating dog anxiety. Some of the best OTC anti-anxiety medications include Benadryl, Dramamine, and Melatonin.
Anecdotally, many dog owners have found that CBD also helps with anxiety.
The 3-3-3 rule for dogs is a guideline for the adjustment period after adoption, representing 3 days (overwhelmed/hiding), 3 weeks (settling in/testing boundaries), and 3 months (feeling at home/bonding) to help owners manage expectations and provide patience, routine, and a calm environment, understanding that anxiety is normal as they decompress from a stressful past. It's a framework for recognizing stress and fostering trust, not a rigid timeline, but it helps owners understand why a new dog might seem timid or act out initially.
Signs Your Dog is Stressed and How to Relieve It
"If you pet, soothe or give treats to her when she's behaving fearfully, she may interpret this as a reward for her fearful behavior. Instead, try to behave normally, as if you don't notice her fearfulness." That doesn't mean ignore your dog when he's anxious because of thunderstorms, fireworks or for any other reason.
The "10 10 10 rule" for dogs refers to two main concepts: a potty training method for puppies (10 mins outside, 10 ft space, 10 mins supervision/reward) and the 80/10/10 guideline for raw feeding (80% muscle meat, 10% bone, 10% organ), both offering structure for training or diet. Another interpretation is the 10% rule for treats, limiting them to 10% of daily calories to maintain a balanced diet, ensuring most nutrition comes from complete dog food.
How to Build Confidence in a Fearful Dog
What Is a Fear Period? As your puppy or young dog is growing up, they begin to question if people or things in their environment are potentially harmful. This is a normal, natural stage in their development that may happen anytime between the ages of 8-10 weeks for puppies and 6-14 months for adolescents.