Pulmonary embolism has similar symptoms to conditions like heart attack, aortic dissection, and pneumonia. Symptoms may vary greatly depending on a range of factors, including the size of the clot and the patient's overall health. The most common symptoms include: Coughing (in rare cases, accompanied by blood)
Symptoms of pulmonary embolism
Symptoms can include: chest pain – a sharp, stabbing pain that may be worse when you breathe in. shortness of breath – which can come on suddenly or develop gradually. coughing – this is usually dry, but may include coughing up blood or mucus that contains blood.
The first signs of pulmonary embolism are usually shortness of breath and chest pains that get worse if you exert yourself or take a deep breath. You may cough up bloody mucus. If you have these symptoms, get medical attention right away.
Pulmonary embolism among the uncommon causes of cough as the sole presenting symptom is the important clinical problem. If a patient has shortness of breath, high heart rate, or chest pain, this may be a PE. However, the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is difficult because it has different presenting symptoms.
The mechanism of cough due to pulmonary embolism is not well known. It is likely that stimulation of pressure receptors in pulmonary vessels or right atrial or C-fibers in the pulmonary vessels will produce cough beyond causing dyspnea, which is associated with pulmonary embolism [7].
Main symptoms of a pulmonary embolism include chest pain that may be any of the following: Under the breastbone or on one side. Sharp or stabbing. Burning, aching, or a dull, heavy sensation.
Blood Clot Signs in the Chest Area- Heart and Lungs
A hacking cough, and even coughing up blood or mucus may indicate a clot. If you suffer sudden, sharp pain, especially when inhaling, a dry, hacking cough, or suspect you may have a blood clot in the chest area, seek medical help immediately.
The most common presenting symptom is dyspnea followed by chest pain (classically pleuritic but often dull) and cough. However, many patients, including those with large PE, have mild or nonspecific symptoms or are asymptomatic.
The symptoms of PE, when noted, are also very nonspecific. For example, shortness of breath and chest pain may occur with pneumonia, bronchitis, or other lung or heart problems.
Patients with pulmonary embolism are usually tachypneic and tachycardic, and their skin may be pale, diaphoretic and cyanotic. Lung sounds may be clear or have basilar crackles or wheezes. Look for signs of right-side heart failure, such as jugular venous distention and peripheral edema.
Pericardial disease
Patients with pericarditis classically present with chest pain that increases with deep inspiration, which can mimic the symptoms of pulmonary embolism.
Symptoms of a blood clot include: throbbing or cramping pain, swelling, redness and warmth in a leg or arm. sudden breathlessness, sharp chest pain (may be worse when you breathe in) and a cough or coughing up blood.
Thus, while a normal oxygen saturation or A-a gradient is reassuring, it does not rule out acute PE. Electrocardiography may be normal in patients with acute PE, although it may reveal sinus tachycardia or an atrial arrhythmia.
Symptoms from a pulmonary embolism, like shortness of breath or mild pain or pressure in your chest, can linger 6 weeks or more. You might notice them when you're active or even when you take a deep breath.
Although the signs and symptoms of PE are nonspecific, there are some “classical” clinical signs, which raise the suspicion of PE. Circulatory collapse caused by massive PE presents as shock or syncope. It is sometimes accompanied by severe dyspnoea and chest pain and there may be signs of acute right heart failure.
CT (computed tomography) scan or CT angiogram. These tests might be done to look for pulmonary embolism or for a blood clot that may cause it. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This test may be used to view clots in the lungs.
Pulmonary angiogram
This test provides a clear picture of the blood flow in the arteries of your lungs. It's the most accurate way to diagnose a pulmonary embolism.
In most cases, the hope is your body will eventually dissolve the clot on its own. If it doesn't, more drastic measures may need to be taken. Clot dissolvers called thrombolytics are a medication reserved for life-threatening situations because they can cause sudden and severe bleeding.
This included a lack of risk factors for PE as well as the nature and onset of the pain, which was preceded by a recent productive cough and described as tightness worse when lying flat and better when sitting up and leaning forwards.
Half the people who have pulmonary embolism have no symptoms. If you do have symptoms, they can include shortness of breath, chest pain or coughing up blood.
The most common symptoms of pulmonary embolism are sudden shortness of breath; sudden, sharp chest pain that may get worse when you cough or take a deep breath; and a cough. The cough may bring up blood or pink and foamy mucus.
Other times, symptoms come on quickly, within seconds to minutes. Or they may come on more slowly — over days to weeks — and can start off mild, then become more serious as time goes on. Common pulmonary embolism symptoms include: Shortness of breath.
“It may feel like a shooting pain that starts in your front and travels to the back in the chest area,” says Dr. Tran. “You may also feel chest heaviness or pressure that lasts. If it's just fleeting, goes away and doesn't happen again, you're probably not dealing with a blood clot.”
A small PE may cause: No symptoms at all (common). Breathlessness - this can vary in degree from very mild to obvious shortness of breath. Chest pain which is pleuritic, meaning sharp pain felt when breathing in.