Fecal impaction is the result of severe constipation, when you're unable to regularly pass poop (stool or feces) and it backs up inside your large intestine (colon). Fecal impaction can also be defined by your inability to sense and respond to the presence of stool in your rectum.
A common type of blockage is called fecal impaction. This is when a large, hard mass of poop gets stuck in your digestive tract and can't get pushed out the usual way. But when your bowel is blocked by something other than hard stool, doctors call it a bowel obstruction.
The kind of chronic constipation that can lead to fecal impaction can itself have a variety of causes, but the three typical factors are insufficient water intake, insufficient dietary fiber, and decreased colon motility.
For the average human of a height from 5 - 5 1/2 feet (1.5 - 1.7 meters), the colon can hold 20-25 pounds (9.5 - 11.3 kilograms) of fecal matter. Typically, a one-foot length of colon can accumulate 5 or more pounds, and a 5-foot tall person has roughly a 4- to 5-foot colon.
Laxatives: You can drink a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution or use an over-the counter (OTC) laxative to cleanse your colon. Surgery: If you have severe fecal impaction, your healthcare provider will perform surgery, especially to target symptoms of bleeding due to a tear in your bowel (bowel perforation).
Passing fewer than three stools a week. Having lumpy or hard stools. Straining to have bowel movements. Feeling as though there's a blockage in your rectum that prevents bowel movements.
This process may take up to two weeks, and sometimes longer.
Symptoms of an intestinal blockage include severe belly pain or cramping, vomiting, not being able to pass stool or gas, and other signs of belly distress.
Feelings of fullness or swelling in your belly. Loud sounds from your belly. Feeling gassy, but being unable to pass gas. Constipation (being unable to pass stool)
Signs of an impacted bowel
The most obvious sign of an impacted bowel is the inability to pass stool. You may also start to feel abdominal discomfort and bloating.
You usually will not poop if you are experiencing fecal impaction. If you do, the stool you pass will be watery, or very hard and small, or you may experience stool leakage.
A fecal impaction is a solid, immobile bulk of feces that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation. A related term is fecal loading which refers to a large volume of stool in the rectum of any consistency.
Fecal retention
(Bowel motility refers to how well the digestive system can move contents through it.) If they're eating and not pooping, the colon can become dangerously distended, a condition called "megacolon." The feces can become hard and impacted, and the bowel can actually rupture.
Eventually the entire colon can fill with stool. The accumulation of stool can then cause the colon to stretch, which then causes the stool to move even slower through the colon and makes the problem worse.
If stool softeners aren't providing enough help, the osmotic laxative polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX or a generic version) is good next step. These products hold water in stool to soften it and increase bowel movements.
Most cases of bowel obstruction need some form of medical intervention. Treatment options for bowel obstruction can include: Medication: Opioids can lead to constipation. If this occurs, laxatives and stool softeners can help.
Most of the time, complete blockages require a stay in the hospital and possibly surgery. But if your bowel is only partly blocked, your doctor may tell you to wait until it clears on its own and you are able to pass gas and stool. If so, there are things you can do at home to help make you feel better.
A bowel obstruction can begin suddenly or may progress gradually over several weeks or days. 2 Before a complete bowel obstruction develops, you may experience some warning signs caused by a partial bowel obstruction.
Most people affected by a bowel obstruction are unable to pass gas or have a bowel movement, and may have a swollen abdomen. Infrequent bowel movements or hard stools usually do not indicate obstruction.
The doctor may suspect intestinal obstruction if your abdomen is swollen or tender or if there's a lump in your abdomen. He or she may listen for bowel sounds with a stethoscope. X-ray. To confirm a diagnosis of intestinal obstruction, your doctor may recommend an abdominal X-ray.
Sometimes it's only a few days, sometimes as long as three weeks. With fluids, survival time may be extended by a few weeks or even a month or two. With a bowel obstruction, things may go better than expected, but it's important to prepare for sudden, unexpected changes.
Tests to confirm a large bowel obstruction
Air enema or contrast enema to take pictures of the inside of the large bowel to obtain clear x-‐ray images Colonoscopy to check for problems inside the large bowel and collect any tissues samples for biopsy that might be necessary.