Do females use masking behaviors more? The ADHD diagnosis rate is higher in males than in females. Masking might be one of the reasons for this difference. Research from 2019 suggests that in school settings, females camouflage ADHD symptoms more, making signs easier to miss.
Put simply; masking is intentionally shifting your behavior to hide your differences. For example, a woman with ADHD might smile and nod during a conversation even though she tuned out long ago, or she may secretly work late into the night to overcompensate for not staying on task for a deadline.
Girls and women with ADHD are more likely than boys and men to develop compensatory behaviors that mask ADHD, which helps to explain why males are more likely than females to receive a diagnosis.
One of the most common symptoms of ADHD Masking is hiding hyperactivity through calmness. People with ADHD might try to sit still and be calm even if they are feeling restless and energetic. This is because they do not want to be seen as disruptive or disorderly.
People with ADHD will often develop a “mask” that they wear in certain situations, such as at work, which camouflage the most visible traits of the disorder. For example, they might avoid repetitive motions like leg bouncing or pen clicking because they might annoy other people.
One type of ADHD masking — known as mirroring — involves intentionally or unintentionally mimicking the speech, movements, or behaviors of someone else. While ADHD mirroring and body doubling may seem similar at first glance, you can work alongside a body double without imitating them in any way.
Further, because autism and ADHD often occur together—and because people diagnosed with ADHD tend to have higher levels of autism traits than typical people do—girls who seem easily distracted or hyperactive may get this label, even when autism is more appropriate.
The primary features of ADHD include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. ADHD symptoms start before age 12, and in some children, they're noticeable as early as 3 years of age. ADHD symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe, and they may continue into adulthood.
Can ADHD cause shyness? Shyness is not an official ADHD symptom, but experiences and struggles due to the neurodivergent condition - or another existing mental health disorder - can cause a person to become shy, aloof, and introverted.
Girls are also less likely to be diagnosed earlier because they often display more symptoms of anxiety. Medical providers may only treat a female patient's anxiety or depression without evaluating for ADHD. Hormones, which affect the symptoms of both ADHD and anxiety, can complicate things.
All children are different, but if they change character when they go from school to home, or go into meltdown, or appear exhausted, it might be a sign that they are masking in public.
ADHD masking
Your child's behaviours might not be so obvious in school. This could be because they are not presenting what many think of as the 'classic signs' of ADHD. You might also feel that your child is hiding their symptoms when at school. This is known as masking.
ADHD burnout is a feeling of exhaustion largely brought on by stress, made more complicated by ADHD symptoms. People with ADHD are more likely to experience burnout. Common signs of ADHD burnout include: irritability. trouble sleeping.
Neurotypicals misinterpret this as being callous, narcissistic, uncaring, or socially inept. Taken together, the vulnerability of a person with ADHD to the negative feedback of others, and the lack of ability to observe oneself in the moment, make a witch's brew.
Some people with ADHD use echolalia as a stimming behavior to self-stimulate or self-soothe. Treatment for echolalia involves helping the person to expand on their language skills to communicate in more diverse and direct ways, and is typically administered by a speech therapist.
Some studies have documented the reason why girls with autism mask; results suggest that it is motivated by the need to avoid being bullied, the feeling that it is an obligation to mask, and the fear of being ostracized for being autistic.
Specifically, many girls and women with ASD are missed or diagnosed late because autism doesn't present the same way in girls as it does in boys and, even when it does, girls sometimes hide—or “mask”—their symptoms successfully enough to fly under the radar and miss early diagnosis.
Some signs of high functioning autism in females include: Difficulty with social communication, such as maintaining eye contact or understanding sarcasm. Strong interests in specific topics, often related to science or technology. Difficulty with transitions or changes in routine.
Why is there so much overlap? In response to trauma, a child's developing brain can become programmed to “look out” for behaviour, activities or events that they perceive as threatening. This “hyper-vigilance” can often mimic hyperactivity and distractibility associated with ADHD.
High-functioning ADHD isn't a formal diagnosis. It's a phrase used to describe people living with ADHD who see little to no major impact on daily life. Just because you've reached great success or have found ways to work around ADHD symptoms doesn't mean ADHD might not be affecting you.